Image Edge Detection Technique Based On Morphology

Image edge is the description of the remarkable change of gray between the neighboring pixels in the image. Digital image processing is improving an image into another image. Edge detection is an important direction of image processing. Edge image as the basic feather of the image includes the feather of the image space and image contour. It can be used in the analysis and treatment of superior layer of the feature description, image segmentation, image enhancement, image restoration, pattern recognition and image compression. It is available to further comprehension and analysis of the image. So many scholars dedicate to the research of the theory and practice for image edge detection. Many feasible detect methods are formed.Mathematical morphology founded on set theory is a new method applied in the field of image processing and pattern recognition. Its prime principle is using a certain structuring element to measure and extract the corresponding form in an image so that we can analyze and recognize the image.Above all in this paper the basic theory of mathematical morphology is discussed, its application in image processing is analyzed and introduced as well. Then the basic morphological filter, the generalized morphological filter and the morphological filter with Omni directional structuring element are expounded in detail. Considering the advantages of mathematical morphology exploited in image edge detection, a mufti-scale morphological edge detection algorithm is proposed in this paper. At the end a new anti noise edge detector is presented by improving the edge detector mentioned above in order to debut the detected edge efficiently and eliminate the influence of noise appropriately.The simulated result demonstrates that the edge detection algorithm has a good performance of noise reduction compared with traditional edge detectors, and the detected edge is smooth. So this method has its practicability.