Energy Optimization In Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensor technology, micro-electromechanical systems, networks and wireless communication, and othe technological advances, and promote the emergence and development of wireless sensor networks. Random distribution of a large number of sensor nodes in wireless ad-hoc manner since a network of nodes, embedded through the various types of sensors to gather the data information of the external environment surrounding the voice, video, temperature, humidity, pressure and seimic waves etc; then the data collected will be transmitted to the data center through the wireless short distance, low-loss, multi-hop communications. Wireless sensor networks have attracted the military, business, academic seriously, and have a wide range of uses and application.The nodes of wireless sensor net work have very limited energy in most application environments, so the energy consuming can directly affects the lifetime of wireless sensor network. In this article we research how to reduce the energy consuming of wirelss sensor network effectively.First, the structure, features, application fields and the way to keep power of wireless sensor network effective is generalized in this dissertation. Second, give an heuristic method to select mutually exclusive set of sensor nodes(disjoint dominating set) that can completely cover the target or monitored area; By maximizing the cardinality of such mutually exclusive sets, we can prolong the wireless sensor network lifetime significantly,then we give the elementary simulation result. Finally, give the S-MAC and S-MAC NEW protocol bases on the energy characters of wireless sensor network(Because the protocol roots in the improvement of the S-MAC protocol, we call it S-MAC NEW) ; The duty cycle of the S-MAC NEW protocol can adapt to the network flow automatically and use time out mechanism to decide the end of the active time dynamically; Simulation on NS2 platform demonstrates that the S-MAC NEW protocol has better integrated capabilities than S-MAC protocol, and has comparatively good power optimum property.