Single Station Passive Location Tracking Method

In electronic countermeasure passive location and tracking systems are playing a vital part due to the fact that it works "quietly" without emitting any signals that possibly expose self to attack of some kind. Among various applications, single observer passive location and tracking (SOPLAT) system, outweighs another candidate scheme, multisensor location and tracking system, avoiding data synchronization and fusion in the latter. Therefore SOPLAT has become a focus. In this thesis, several single-platform based location and tracking algorithms are discussed and Monte Carlo experimental results prove effectiveness of those algorithms. Regarding different scenarios the following part of the thesis is arranged as follows.In the first chapter, background and current situation in location and tracking are briefly introduced. For completeness of discussion Chapter 2 provides fundamental of location estimation and error analysis.Chapter 3 considers location of a stationary target with time-varying emitting signal, such as frequency hopping signal and linear FM signal. The MLE (Maximum Likelihood Estimator) is used to estimate both position and operating frequencies of the target.Bearing-Only Tracking (BOT) is a typical question pertaining to Target Motion Analysis (TMA). With only bearing information observability of the problem completely depends on certain kind of maneuver of the observer which distinguishes BOT from other TMA problems. The theory and performance of both batch processing and sequential filtering are detailed respectively in Chapter 4.In the last chapter, Interacting Multiple Mode (IMM) algorithm is provided as a candidate solution for tracking of a target with occurrence of maneuvers. Instead of operating only one filter at one time to track, IMM estimator can be a self-adjusting filter with a bank of filters operating in parallel. The feature makes IMM suitable for tracking maneuvering target.