| In this paper, several numerical algorithms for optical waveguide such as BPM~ a novel algorithm based on MPFE are studied and compared. For each method, explicit deduction and formulations are given. Various methods of BPM(finite difference., wide-angle algorithm and semi-vector BPM for three-dimensional waveguides) are summarized. Besides numerical calculation, guided-wave characteristics of several optical devices, such as taper,Y-branch., X-crossed waveguide and directional coupler, are calculated in detail. By study, how to choose calculation models is explained uniquely. At the same time ,planar multi-mode., 1*4 branches and X-crossed waveguides are fabricated on glass substrates. By testing the optical properties of these waveguides, it was confirmed that measured results agree to calculation ones quantitatively. |
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