Space Theory Of Competitive Development Of High-level Athletes Study

The competitive ability is the core of sports training study. It refers to the athlete's competing ability, mainly composed of physical performance, skills, tactic ability, sport in telligence and mental ability of different forms and different functions, and represe nted in special athletic process. The competitive ability is a very complicated system, so the research on its structure and functions has been a hot issue.The research in Theoretical Study of Athletic Space Structure by LiangJianPing and DongDeLong (2006) shows that there exists a certain disparity between an athlete's performances (namely athletic fragment) and athletic abilities at the moment when he participates in various big games. In other words, the gap between the athletic performance and athletic ability means that there exits a "room for development" where athletes can perform well or bad. Based on the previous studies, they learn from the angle of space study and name the phenomenon the "competitive behavior space". And then they illustrate athlete's competitive ability, athletic performance and athletic behavior through the space form, which form the 3G theoretical model of athletic ability space structure, i.e. athletic ability space, athletic performance space and athletic behavior space. Because the growth of an athlete is the process of improving his athletic achievements, this essay makes further study on this topic and proposes the concept of athletic development space. The essay introduces to readers the 4G space structure model consisting of athletic ability space, athletic behavior space, athletic performance space and athletic development space.Based on interviews on athletes, the author designs a measuring model for the athletic development space of high level athletes. This model covers five dimensionalities such as athletes' physical conditions, compe tition environment, athletic psychology, mental awakening ability and sports intelligence.Tested by SPSS12.0 software, this model is proved to be consistent, effective in content and reliable in structure. To provide a simple, efficient and reliable psychology tool for the coaches, athletes and the scientific research personnel, it helps them to understand those factors which will affect the athletic achievements when athletes attend high level athletic competition, an d to take proper intervening and adjusting measures to prompt the athletes to give fully play of their athletic ability through their athletic behavior and obtain excellent achievements.Based on the questionnaire surveys, this study introduces the structure model of athletic development space. The research shows that the supporting factors of athletic development space for athletes doing different sports, with different genders and of different levels are diverse. The contribution rates of each of the dimensionalities are quite different in different sports. In the research of weightlifters, the author finds that physical conditions and sports intelligence are crucial for the improvement of weightlifters' achievements and within these two dimensionalities, athletes' body weight and coaches' tactic arrangement are the main affecting factors.There are also some limitations of this study. Firstly, although the model has good reliability and effectiveness, the applicability of research results are limi ted because of the limitation of sampling range. The author is expecting improvements in further study. Secondly, because the supporting factors for improvement of results in different sport event are diverse, the author do es not test the structure model of athletes of all sport events. Thirdly, afterwards attribution has certain limitation, because the research is not carried out at real-time circumstances before and after the improvements of game results. Subsequent research may be implemented in real circumstances and conclusion of this study may be tested. We assume that the research on actual competition segment may differ from theoretical study.