Citizen Participation In The Public Policy Process In Contemporary China Research

Public policy is essentially the authoritative allocation of social benefits. In form, public policy process registers as several functional processes of policy formulation, implementation, evaluation, surveillance and end. And in essence, it is a organic unity of tow processes. One is the government allocates social public interests, adjusts social interests relationship, solves social contradictions to realize social interest integration, the other is the citizens'interest expression, integration, competition and realization. Therefore, the interests is not only the fundamental motive to constitute the citizens policy participation, but also the nature of public policy. Citizen participation in public policy is both the base to for me and realizes the social public interests and the important way to realize their own interests.With the complication and diversification of modern society and the stronger trend of"the new citizen participation movement"in the world, citizen participation plays a more and more important role in the process of public policy, which has already, becomes a indispensable part of modern social governance and public policy. The emergence and development of Chinese citizen's policy participation adapt the world trend, and is closely related to the profound changes of benefits structure in China's reform and opening up process. In the traditional planned economy, our social benefit structure is highly homogenizing integrity interest structure. To adapt to this, the policy participation pattern adopted by citizen is "unit organization" and "political movement". With the planned economy to the market economy system transformation, integrity interest structure begins to differentiate, which has a significant impact on the citizen policy participation and government's public policy. On one hand, the differentiation of interest structure promoted the development of China civil society and awareness of sense of civil rights. On the prompt of interest demand, the requirement of citizen to participate public policy is increasingly intense, and the citizen policy participation is growing up and developing rapidly. On the other hand, the differentiation of interest structure also caused many social problems, such as unbalance of Chinese social structure, social disorder, and value without norm. Various comp lea social problems and the prominence of social contradictions urgent need the government to make reasonable public policy to coordinate social contradictions and stable social order. In this context, the citizen participation in public policy process is not only essential, but necessary. However, in the social transition period, due to various factors of influence and restriction including political, economic, cultural and social, our citizens face many difficulties during policy participation. Such as the low consciousness of citizens policy participation, obstruction of the channel, unbalance on policy participation and so on.In the background of the construction of socialism harmonious society, how to promote the development of citizens policy participation in China should become an important topic in public policy research. Based on the analysis of the development process, current and difficulties on our citizens'participation in public policy, and the summarization of foreign citizen participation in the theory and practice, we can prompt the development of citizens policy participation and the construction of socialism harmonious society through the ways of realizing the good cooperation between the government and citizen society, cultivating citizenship and political participation culture, strengthening the socialism democracy and the legal system, establishing and perfecting the mechanism of citizen participation, innovating and applying the techniques of citizens policy participation and so on.