.9 ¡¤ 11 Attacks The U.s. Public Diplomacy

Public diplomacy is the diplomatic act, which is predicated on achievement of its interests for one government, coordinating and improving the relations of the public between the state and the others indirectly, openly, continuously by effective information transmission to create the international environment which can benefit the state. Public diplomacy can safeguard interests of the state, fulfill its foreign policy and raise its soft power, further create a better national image, and can effectively safeguard its national security.Public diplomacy emerged and developed in the U.S. early, and has always been playing important role as a part of diplomacy strategy of the U.S.. Public diplomacy exerted a significant influence over winning the war for the U.S. in the Cold War, however, it once faded out of the diplomatic horizon of the U.S. after the Cold War. The 9?11 attack damaged the legend of"the U.S. is never dangerous", and the U.S. was caught unaware by anti-Americanism and began to think how to re-create its national image. Public diplomacy recaptured attention of the public and parliament and the storehouse of the intelligence in America under the tension between the national security and image. There unfolds a public diplomacy-studying campaign in the academic field of the U.S.. Government increases the legal support and the resource input for the study of public diplomacy, and the act of American public diplomacy markedly strengthened.The reviving of American public diplomacy is because the influence in concert between the objective and subjective reason. The former includes the development of the global and informational times, the power expanding of the public opinion and the prominent position of the soft power in the state system, while the later consists of encountering the global crisis of national image, the reminiscence of the victory in the Cold War, and the peculiar cultural value of American.After the 9?11 attack, public diplomacy provides the foreign policy of the U.S. with the policy defense, makes the U.S. improve its reliability of information provided. The capability of the crisis public relation of American public diplomacy rises more than before, but public diplomacy to re-create the national image of American doesn't achieve the predicted results. Its direct reason is that the pattern of American information output is unfit for the public diplomacy, and its fundamental reason is that the one-way foreign policy runs counter to the public diplomacy. In the trend of multi-interest of the world, on one hand, the U.S. expects to form the environment of the single world opinion which is benefit to it; on the other hand, it has to score the identity of the public opinion of the other countries, so as to impair anti-Americanism and re-create its national image. In the conflict between the carrot and the stick, the public diplomacy of the U.S. gets into a predicament never seen before. A series of the problems have become the important challenge of American public diplomacy after the 9?11 attack such as how to transform crisis public diplomacy after the 9?11 attack into the public diplomacy in the common state; how to deal with the contradiction between the unilateralism information output and double-way information transmission; how to solve the conflict between inadequate investment of the funds and fulfillment of the object of the public diplomacy of the U.S.; and how to deal with the preempt policy and the relation of the public diplomacy etc.The 9?11 attack makes the U.S. bogged down in the crisis of the national image, as well as cause the other countries in the world to strengthen paying attention to their national image. All countries of the world regard the public diplomacy as the necessary diplomatic policy in the 21st century, also, public diplomacy is very important for China that is in the critical strategic opportunity. As a developing country, China must attach importance to its image position and the act judge of the world, work hard to avoid being moulded into their enemy by the other's government and people. Therefore, China should draw on the experience of American public diplomacy, change the traditional thinking pattern, pay attention to power inside and image outside, to erect the favorable national image of China, to improve the state power and serve for China's development of peace by the public diplomacy with Chinese characteristics.