Employment System Changes In The Economic Restructuring Of State-owned Enterprises

At present, the economic transition of our country is in a crucial period. At the same time, the reforms of employment policies in the state enterprises are transiting. With the reforms being deepened, the present employment policies of the state enterprises containing some remnants of planning economy are resulting in more and more adverse effects. It is urgent to change them without any delay. More and more attention is being paid to the serious unemployment resulting from the reforms of the state enterprises. Unemployment is not only an economic issue, but also a social issue. The phenomenon of unemployment is tightly related to the employment policies' changing taking place in the state enterprises. Studying the unemployment issue is involved in the analyses of the employment policies' changing in the state enterprises.The analytical basis of this article is the policy-changing theory of the New Policy Economists. Its analytical method is mainly the cost-income analysis; employment policies are variable, macro-analysis and micro-analysis are combined in this article. The core line is the trace of employment policies' changing in the state enterprises. This article has five chapters, they are related each other.Firstly, through tracing and organizing the history of employment policies from the establishment of the People's Republic of China to today, the article studies the source and characters of the planning employment policies, organizes the orbit and course of the employment policies' reforms, and finds out the starting point to study this theme. The employment policies' changing of the state enterprises is a typical theme. The first chapter is the basis of the following chapters.Secondly, the article uses the policy-changing model of New Policy Economics to study the theme. It beginning with the non-balance policies sets up a model called "two parallel employment systems" to describe the direction of the employment policies' changing in state enterprises. Transiting to the non-state employment policies can improve the economic efficiency.Thirdly, according to some relevant theories of New Policy Economics, the article explains the characteristics and their forming reasons of the employment changing by cost-income analyses respectively form the government, enterprises and employees' sides. This is the further micro-analysis, belonging to the inside operation studying in the model.Fourthly, this article indicates that the social security system is the sequent supporting system, which is an essential outside condition requiredby the employment policies' changing. But the present social security system has so many flaws that it prevents the policies' changing from carrying on further to some extend.The ultimate purpose of this article is to put up with several pieces of suggestion to optimize the employment policies, so it involves evaluating the source, characters and effects of the present employment policies. The policies' economic efficiency is improving, but they are characterized by discriminations against peasant employees. These particular policies not only have little effective influence on relieving the heavy unemployment pressure, but also do harm to the employment policies' changing in state enterprises. At last, based on the adequate and precise analyses and deduction, this article uses the two policy-changing types and its relationship of New Policy Economics to establish optimizing model to suggest the government' employment policies in the next step.