| With the trend of business merger and economic globalization, business operations are no more confined to a certain industry or area. More and more businesses have started multi-operations so as to withstand risks and win market share. The rapid developments of information technology and communication methods make possible the trans-regional and trans-national operations, which are undoubtedly a global trend. While the operation of a business could be involved in dozens or even hundreds of industries all over the world, the profit rate, opportunities, prospect and investment risk vary from place to place. Being able to reflect the general financial performance and results, the consolidated financial report, due to its over-generalization, fails to address the differences listed above. Against this situation, segment reports have come into being in line with various industries and regions, in which the business is running.Researches on segment report have been undertaken abroad with great vigor and interest since the 1960s and have formed a rather complete system. Researches on it in China didn't start until recently when a primary framework of its information disclosure took shape. A formal standard, however, has not emerged yet. Thus enterprises lacking related standards for the preparation and disclosure of these reports, make them too simple to offer adequate information, which leads to the lack of due concern on the analysis of segment reports to some extent. It has become an undisputed matter that segment report, a fundamental issue in the construction of China's accounting standard system, calls for perfection. What aspects of it should be improved? How should it be analyzed in the wake of accomplishment? These are questions worth consideration. This thesis is trying to offer proper solutions to those questions.Backed by standard system analysis, the thesis starts with and elaborates the economic background of the emergence of segment report. Afterwards, looking back the history of segment report standard home and abroad, the thesis discusses the weak points in the formulation of its standard against domestic situations and comes up with some suggestions. Finally, the thesis puts forward ways of concrete analysis of the report.There are four chapters in this thesis:Ⅰ Emergence of segment reportStarting with the economic background of the emergence of the report, this chapter presents the causes of the emergence of segment report, empirical research results abroad and problems encountered and discusses on the standardization of the report, namely options on disclosure policies, in order to achieve a concrete and dynamic acknowledgement of its emergence.First this part presents the economic background of the emergence, i.e. the vigorous development of multi-economy and trans-national operation, and that the promotion of the emergence stems from two aspects, compensating the failure of consolidated financial report in covering details on one hand and better meeting the needs of information users on the other. Summarizing the empirical research results about segment report abroad, the thesis tries to prove that information in segment report helps to improve predictability of the accounting information and reduce risks in the stocks of the enterprise which discloses the information. From the aspects of environment, theory and practice, to demonstrate the necessity of segment report. By weighting the problems encountered the emergence of segment report, to prove the feasibility of it. At last, the thesis comes to the question of segment report standardization, or disclosure policies. On the point of agency theory, the thesis shows that a mandatory disclosure of segment report is backed up by actual needs, and the real cause of the emergence of segment report standard.Ⅱ Global trend of segment report developmentStarting with the history and global trend of segment report, this chapter presents the evolution of segment report standards in various societies and the contributions made by... |
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