| Accounting theory is the conceptual system of the explanation for accounting phenomena. And accounting practice is carried out within modern enterprise, so accounting phenomena seem to be very complicated and sophisticated because not only the entity within enterprise interacts with external entities with different interests, but also the entities with different interests within enterprises have mutual impact on each other. Accounting theory involves in many newly-emerged disciplines, such as the impact of knowledge economy on accounting, and re-emerged issues-the revenue manipulation and falseness of accounting information, and the purpose of this thesis is to try to give tentative explanations for these accounting phenomena with a systematic framework-the cycle of contracting.Accounting is the theory tied closely with modern enterprise, so it is necessary to understand the nature of enterprise before trying to give sound explanation for these accounting phenomena. The accounting theory can't be a reasonable rationale unless it's based on a suitable theoretic platform. The traditional theory of enterprise, especially the one in classical micro-economics ,treats enterprise as a function of production, and it seems that enterprise is a black-box that could maximize its output automatically regardless of the model of internal organization. This thesis analyzes the function of accounting in the process of concluding, enforcing, modifying of the contract, and form a analyzing structure of accounting in that process, with the notion that enterprise is the nexus of contracts. This thesis mainly involves in three theoretical fields which make up the life-cycle of contracts. The first part is the accounting measurement of input with physical form or not, which mainly tries to argue why we should measure some asset without physical shell. And second, the problem of enforcement of contract. Distribution by performance is the ideal way of promoting the interests of entities involved in enterprise, but it is also the most difficult part of governance of enterprise. And accounting system always offer the most parts of financial information needed in the evaluation of performance. Thus, it is not the least strange that every entity with interests in enterprise will pay much attentions to the impact of accounting information on the direction and timing of distribution of resources, and every entity will try to stop others from taking his share away. Every representative of any entitywants to impose his influence on the process of production of accounting information. Some have advantages and some don't even from the begin to the end. It is reasonable to analyze these accounting phenomena through the logic clues through the nexus of contracts. Third , enterprise can not escape from an ever-changing world, and it will change itself as well. So some entities will quit enterprise, and some want to join. The exposure of accounting information can play an irreplaceable role in reducing the situation of information asymmetry, which will damage the liquidity of capital. The better the exposure of accounting information, the better the smoothness of liquidity of capital entering and quitting enterprise. The accounting information, thus, plays the role of common knowledge. And the function of accounting information as common knowledge is tested in this thesis, and the result is not so exciting. At last, this thesis tries to argue the issue in heated discussion -the falseness of accounting information, and put forward certain conceptions to help understand the quality of accounting information. This thesis is made up of 5 chapters:Chapter 1,accounting and the nature of enterprise.This chapter starts from some familiar accounting phenomena, such as the falseness of accounting information, the deficit of accounting measurement, in order to argue that we can't get the reasonable explanation without the sound understanding of the nature of enterprise. Modern accounting is the one within enterprise , so what role accou... |
PDF Full Text Request