Two Conditional Reasoning To Determine The Characteristics And Comparison Of The Experimental Study

Reasoning to solve human problems is an important area of research, which has been greatly concerned by psychologists. Reasoning is introduced by the unknown information to infer the known information of thinking activities, which logically is the premise that one or more propositions from the new judgment to judge the conclusions of proposition in form of thinking. Reasoning is the highest form of people's thinking, which is an important way of generating new knowledge, therefore, including reasoning, the research to human's thinking activities is of positive significance.Conditional reasoning is an important psychological aspect of reasoning research. Conditional reasoning is the premise of a conditional proposition, and based on conditional proposition of the antecedent and consequent relations between pieces of the conclusions of reasoning. The research is to explore the judgment criteria of the two kinds of conditional reasoning and their comparative studies. Through the abstract and concrete materials of the two college students, start to do experiments on judgment the inference characteristics and factors influencing the reasoning process.In the first experiment, explore the college's judgment criteria of the two kinds of conditional reasoning and their comparative studies through using nonsense materials.In the second experiment, use conditionals around a specific connection between pieces of concrete materials, including causal conditions and non-causal conditions. Causal conditions refer to the causal relationship between the antecedent and consequent conditions described in the background material, that is, the antecedent condition is caused by the antecedent condition. Non-causal condition is the background description of non-causal relationship between the antecedent and consequent conditions. With non-causal premise and the premise of the causal conditions, set the background knowledge of material information, including the following three cases:(1) Alternative conditions which indicate that the antecedent condition is sufficient but unnecessary for the consequent condition. (2) Disable conditions which indicate that the antecedent condition is necessary but not-sufficient for the consequent condition. (3) Non-alternative and disable conditions which indicate the antecedent condition is necessary and sufficient for the consequent condition. Based on these conditions, systematically analyze and compare the respective characteristics of two kinds of hypothetical reasoning under specific causal relationship between the different materials. The results show that: 1. The first experiment's new discovery is that MP correct rate of sufficient condition is significantly greater than the corresponding logic format AC of necessary condition. The DA correct rate of sufficient condition is little different from the corresponding logic format MT of necessity conditions. The AC correct rate of sufficient condition is little different from the corresponding logic format MP of necessity conditions. The MT correct rate of sufficient condition is significantly smaller than the corresponding logic format DA of necessity conditions.2. Under sufficient conditions in causal sentences, alternative factors have no significant effect on reasoning. Disable factors have promoted DA, AC and MT significantly. In necessity conditions in causal sentences, alternative factors have insignificant effect on reasoning. Disable factors have suppressed four kinds of reasoning significantly.3. Under sufficient conditions in non-causal sentences, alternative factors have promoted DA and AC reasoning significantly. Disable factors have suppressed DA and AC reasoning significantly. Under necessity conditions in non-causal sentences, alternative factors have promoted MP, DA and MT reasoning significantly. Disable factors have suppressed four kinds of reasoning significantly.4. Under sufficient alternative and disable conditions, the causal relation has insignificant effect on four kinds of reasoning. Under sufficient alternative and disable conditions, the causal relation has promoted DA and AC reasoning significantly. Under necessity conditions in alternative conditions, the causal relation has suppressed MT reasoning significantly. For necessity conditions in disable conditions, the causal relation has no significant effect on four kinds of reasoning. For necessity conditions in no alternative and disable conditions, the causal relation has promoted MP, DA and MT reasoning significantly.5. In thematic context, the results of two logical corresponding reasoning comparisons show that the alternative factors, disable factors and causal relation affect the results of reasoning and judgment in two conditions to a certain extend.