Historical Period Of The Wei River Changes Guanzhong Plain

River changes is an important element of the historical study of physical geography, it is closely related with the people's Productive activity and daily life. As the largest Tributary of the Yellow River, the Weihe River alluvial format the broad masses of the Guanzhong Plain in the middle and lower reaches. the locations of the Zhou, the Qin, the Han and the Tang dynasties, and several other powerful countries in the history of China were in the plain. it can be said to some extent that the China's splendid ancient civilization in the history is the Evolved by Weihe River.The changes of Weihe River in the Guanzhong Plain is he results the evolution of human activities and natural combination in the human historical period.This article through restoration and the reconstruction of the historical environment, carries on the thorough discussion of the changes of Weihe River in the Guanzhong Plain. Through the analysis of various historical recorded in the literature on the Weihe river, grasp the law of the development and evolution of the Weihe River in-depthly. These are also helpful to the research of the evolution of historical environment of Guanzhong area thoroughly.This Paper is divided into three Parts: Part one is made up of introduction and chapter one. The introduction mainly introduces the research background, research current situation, the thinking of research, research approach of the thesis, etc.. Chapter one, this part mainly introduces the overview of the modern Weihe river, the geographical background of the Guanzhong Plain and the general situation of the Weihe river course in pre-Qin period. Through the introduction, the research object and ideas are established. The background of changes in Weihe river course is explained. And it laid a foundation for the article to write.Part two is the core of this paper, from chapter two to chapter five.In accordance with the period of time, I discuss the course condition of Weihe River in subsection. The second chapter mainly discusses the course condition of Wei River during the Qin Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Considered the time span is too long, I divide the time into two parts: the Qin and Han Dynasty period and the "Commentary to the River Classic" period. First, I divide the Wei River into three sections: the middle reaches, the lower reaches and Erhua Bayou. Then I selected the ruins of Chengguo canal, three bridges on the Weihe River in the Qin and Han Dynasty, water transport of grain canals and so on as the reference points, and discuss it combining with the document. To the "Commentary to the River Classic" period, I take "Commentary to the River Classic" as a master line, associated with the historical monuments and other documentation for analysis. Chapter three mainly discuss the changes of the course of Weihe River during the Sui Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty. I divide the Wei River into three sections: the middle reaches, the lower reaches and Erhua Bayou too.I take "Yuan Hejun County annals" as a master line, associated with the historical monuments and other documentation for analysis.Chapter four, it's the discussions of Weishui waterway in the period of Song-Jin-Yuan-Ming. Generalize the river flow and changes in various sections on the base of the abundant local annals and other documentations.The fifth rules had carried on the detailed elaboration to the shifting of Weihe River in Qing Dynasty. Because the reasonof time and the development characteristic of local chronicle, the material in the Qing Dynasty was richer then the time before it. Though useing local chronicle fully and unioning the information which attained by visit, this chapter had made the detailed analysis elaboration to the shifting of Weihe River in the period.The third part was a conclusion which included the summary and extending of the article. First, it had carried on the summary to the research results. Then, it had discussed the primary influence factor to the shifting of river. Through the induction and analysis to research results, it had revelated the inherent rules of the shifting of Weihe River in historical period.Through the summary of the full text,we have four cognitions :(a) From the time perspective, the Weihe River in the Guanzhong Plain frequent resettlement and often collapsing the two sides the historical period. But in the long run, the main river course relative toward to northward.(b) From the space perspective, the middle reaches of the river marked by the northward movement of the trend, although the lower reaches of the river sections also have a larger north-south swing, because the nature of water and sediment downstream, the actual basic only within a certain range of the North-South cycles.(c) Use of literature research and field visits method of combine. On the one hand, attention to the value of literature major, but use of the process of identifying needs analysis, and effectively with other historical data and information integration field visits,We cannot conclude no historical evidence only by we don't have the historical data.(d) Not only should be good at summing up the historical experience, but also should draw lessons from history. We should develop and use the nature reasonably what can make human and nature harmonious and develop scientificly.