China Policy Of The United States During The War Of Resistance Against Japan In The Japan-soviet Factors

In the Sino-Japanese War time, US's policy toward China experienced the winding change which was the neutrality -> Aiding China to limit Japan -> forming an alliance to opposite Japan -> holding the Jiang anti-communism. American policy toward China changed not only because of US-China relations, simultaneously also because of Influence change and contradictory in Asian Pacific area among Japan, Soviet, US .This thesis takes the American policy toward China's evolution in Sino-Japanese War as a clue, elaborating the status and the influence of the Japanese factor, the Soviet factor and the Japanese-Russian relations inter-action factor in the American policy toward China, and tries to find the regular characteristic while the above factors influencing the American policy toward China.The time from July 1937 to December 1941 was transformation time when the U.S acted from the neutrality to help the Chinese against Japan in the American policy toward China. The Japanese factor affected the American policy toward China's change as the predominant factor. From the neutrality to china the U.S could benefit from the trade between the Japanese and the US, and indulge Japan to invade the Soviet. Hereafter, Japan expanded the invasion to China and invaded positively to the south. Because of this, the US started to help China to resist Japan. Relations between Japan and Soviet from conflicting to the neutrality was disadvantageous to China and the US.This caused the US help China against Japan step by step Break-downing of negotiation between Japan and US, caused their thorough contradictory, and formed an alliance with China becoming the US's choice inevitably.From December 1941 to October 1944, it was the time when the US and china formed an alliance to opposite Japan positively. The US involved alliance gradually opposite to Japan policy postwar by keeping in balance Soviet Union's factor. After the Pacific War erupting, to enable China to play the diversion role, the US formed an alliance rapidly with China and positive helped Jiang to opposite Japan. Along with the international antifascist situation's transformation and influence between Japan and the Soviet in the Asian-European battlefield, stemming from contending with Soviet Union's and dueling needs to the combat, the US supported China to become the great nation with all one's strength. When Japan started "No. one war" for the retrieval war losing battle to China, the US once really exerted pressure Jiang to unite communist party to opposite Japan, in order to make full use of the Chinese Communist Party strength to oppose Japan and to prevent formidable Chinese Communist Party to reverse Soviet Union.From October 1944 to September 1945, it was the time when the US and China's alliance started to go back and hold Jiang anti-communism policy gradually. As the predominant factor, the Soviet factor affected the American policy toward China to change. To draw support from Soviet Union to resist Japanese forces in mainland China and to limit Soviet Union which could take advantage to dispatch troops in China, the US harmed the Chinese partial rights and interests to achieve the strategic compromise with Soviet Union. With the relation's aggravating between the US and the Soviet, US's policy toward China stopped over holding Jiang anti-communism finally, because the US is unable to change Soviet Union's i situation advantage in Far East, also worried that Soviet Union would support Chinese Communist Party's directly, the US sought Soviet Union to support Jiang to unify China. This could cut off any latent support of Soviet Union to Chinese Communist Party. At the same time, the US strengthened to help the Jiang regime by taking advantage of the victory of anti-Japan War. The primary purpose of holding Jiang anti-communism is contended with Soviet Union in the postwar.The conclusion points out: the Japanese factor and the Soviet factor were main ones and the starting points in the US to the Chinese decision-making, and it affected the policy toward China basically. The Japanese-Russian relation's factor played the catalytic role which added fuel to the flames, and it affected the policy advancement toward China .Under the Japan-Soviet factor's influence, the American policy toward China displayed the great dependence between great nations, characteristics of the two-track dual as well as the intrinsic contradiction based on the former two characteristics of great nations.