Fung Yu-lan Moral Cultivation Thought

Feng Youlan is a famous philosophy historian, philosopher and moralist during Chinese modern history. He lived the era of critical fight between Chinese and western culture and of turbulent social surroundings. Therefore, his thought's feature is learning from excellent cultures of ancient and modern, Chinese and western, but his basis is traditional Chinese Confucianism especially Cheng and Zhu's idealist philosophy. All ancient thinkers treated "nature and human as a whole" as Moral cultivation's aim, besides Feng Youlan. Yet the "heaven" is not "nature" and "ethic universe", but abstract "philosophic heaven" which using western logic method to deduce. In human's nature, He deduced that human's nature is good through following "nature of universe" and "nature of temperament" of Confucian philosophy of The Song and Ming dynasties, which provide possibility for moral cultivation. Later he divided human's nature into essential nature , assistant nature and irrelevant nature., which provides foundation for benefaction and vice, also indicate necessity, exterior and interior conditions. Theory of life bourn posts different moral bourns of individuals, which reflects the knowledge and partition of Moral cultivation's different arrangements virtually. People in Natural bourn and utilitarian bourn have not moral value for not understanding human's essential nature. Moral bourn and transcend bourn correspondingly saint and solon are perfect bourns, which erects topmost moral aim. At moral cultivation's tracks and methods, he brought forward the tracks of " acting loyalty and forgiveness", "acting inaction" and so on, the methods of "consciousness" and "respecting" through colligating Lu and Wang's parapsychology and Cheng and Zhu's idealist philosophy.