Seek Political Control Of The Career Civil Service

According to the definition of the theory of political science andadministration, the function of politics lies in the formulation of the policy,and the administrative function lies in the execution of the policy.According to this theory, officers who are responsible for executive workshould not get involved in the political life. Applying this theory to U.S.A.'spolitical practice, we can think that the civil careers must abide by "politicalneutrality"principle. However, in the development history of U.S.A.'spolitics after World War II, this principle is challenged drastically. It is notmerely a serious theoretical question that the professional bureaucrat ispoliticizing constantly, but an urgent realistic problem. Under thecircumstances that the resultant of forces of all sorts of complicated factorsin U.S.A. are promoted, politicizing seeming to be an irresistible trend ofprofessional bureaucrat. The administrative system is expanding constantlyand its power is being expanded day by day constitute a threat to thepresident's authority. The successive presidents all carried on the effortswith different degree in this period, expected to contain this trend. Amongthem, President Reagan in power offered a typical case to us in the 1980s.Both his reform measures and influences are of rich research value. The thesis is made up of three chapters and a conclusion. Chapter oneexplains the development of U.S.A.'s bureaucracy after World War II as thebackground. In this chapter, I start with analysizing civil official's ownadvantages, have analyzed the behaviors that a civil official politicizes andorigin cause of the formation, and this impact on the president's power ofphenomenon. The several terms of presidents before Reagan, all attemptedthrough taking some reform measures to change this phenomenon. Theiractions have offered the experience and lessons to President Reagan, whichhas further investigated Reagan government's administrative reform and iiiestablished a general background for us too. Chapter two is a central part of the thesis. This chapter speciallydescribes all sorts of reform measures on internal affairs of ReaganAdministration, and reproduces an objective administrative historicalpicture of reform. Reagan's reform is both an inherit from his pastcounterparts and an innovation. For example, "Federalism"Reagan putsforward is different from the past. It is a bold action of this government's toremove and control, which has shown the daring and resolution of thisgovernment. In budget and personnel, compared with former presidents it isonly the difference of the quantity. As for the cabinet, it is still extendingthe destiny not put in a position. Reagan administration, in order tounderstand the running situation of the domestic administrative system atthat time in an all-round way, gives counsel for government reform,establishes Grace commission especially. It played an extremely importantrole in Reagan administration. All these are important bases of studyingReagan government's reform. Prove in detail above-mentioned severaltopics, but the main content of a chapter. Chapter three reviews the historical influence that Reagangovernment's reform brings from the standing of history. This kind ofinfluence lies in many aspects, which should be treated with the dialecticaleyes. The conclusion part summarizes full texts. In the question that we seeU.S.A.'s political system clearly and existing in the political life clearly, andafter various kinds of complicated efforts which the presidents make, it isdifficult to draw such a conclusion: All such a motive is being hiddenbehind the reform that the president carries on to the institution andbureaucrat's system: Make the professional civil official used by me, takeorders from me. In other words, seek to expand the control to theprofessional civil official of the president.