Cold And Reconstruction

As a literary movement, realism has a long history and accomplished splendid achievements. In China, since Reform and Opening Policy was carried out, there have been frequent influxes of modern literary trends, such as western modernism, post modernism, modernity, post-colonialism, which caused a decaying realism. Many people think realism has been obsolete. Someone even utters such words as "Realism is dead." In such a background, this article discusses the internal spirit value of realism, namely, the spirit of realism.Part I. The eternal principle on the paraphrase of the spirit of realismIn respect of the fundamentally creative value, the spirit of realism should be the writer's realistic concern about the masses' subsistence circumstances and the social spirit value, their prospective vision and envisaging spirit of the human being's existing environment and the ultimate significance. It can be summarized as: 1, the rational attitude towards society and human life; 2, earnest critique of morals and values; 3, the strong sense of social responsibility; 4, the ardent humanistic concern.Part n. Analysis on the status quo and causes of the gradual decadence of Chinese realism in the new era.(1) From socialist realism to the literature of the new era, the spirit of realism is misunderstood and deviated from its normal course.Socialist realism once took literature as a simple illustration of some political concept. The literary circles were flooded with class theory, formulism and doctrinairism. Traditional realism, romanticism and western modernism were all left out in the cold, which resulted in narrower literary creation and more serious creation crisis ?the outcome of the deviation from traditional realism. The advocate of "New Realistic Writing", "New Experience", "New State" which, bustling for 2 or 3 years,tried to find back the spiritual core of realism, soon revealed their deep crisis. It's the reality that pressurized writers rather than writers choose actively. Literature had no choice but to surrender to reality.(2) The diversity of philosophical and literary thoughts caused the spirit of realism to decay and to be marginized.Many philosophical sects were formed with a tendency of diversity and infiltration in the 20th century, such as British and American analytic philosophy, Husserlphenomenology, scientific philosophy and linguistic philosophy, which exerted deep influence upon human spiritual culture. The western literature of the 20th century was formed and developed in such a cultural and philosophical background. From 1980s, with the liquidation of cultural absolutism and the wide spread of western thoughts and culture, western literary trends of thought and sects influenced Chinese literary world quickly. The prominent manifestation was the blind worship and the frivolous imitation of the modern trends of thought in literature and art of all forms, such as symbolism, expressionism, futurism, absurdism, and so on. In the literary circle, western theories, sects and artistic techniques of all forms came, on stage in turn without the real understanding and the prudent consideration of their values. Post modernism, post-colonialism and modernity are still the hot themes and fashion of literary theoretics.(3) In the excessive swelling of materialism, literature lost its direction. The spirit of realism was neglected little by little.After the Reform and Opening, the change of the production mode and the economic basis brought a huge innovation in social ideology. The most obvious effect was the advocate of the pragmatic utility of materialism, which negated the prudent and rational attitude of the spirit of realism, refused to offer meaningful comment on realities, substituted pragmatism for idealism. Without the profound social content and the ardent criticism, serious literature lost its spirit of realism.(4) Writers' loss of principal consciousness of creationThe decadence of the spirit of realism in the contemporary literature is, considering writers themselves, the loss...