| Confronting with the deteriorating society called "LI BENG YUE HUAI", CONFUCIUS offered his theory as "REN LI TONG GOU", that is, resuming the ZHOU LI and constructing it on the moral base "REN" so that the LI could recover it's social function with "JING GUO JIA, DING SHE JI, XU MIN REN, LI HOU SI". The main contribution of CONFUCIUS was not resuming ZHOU LI, but reconstructing the LI on the moral base. In Confucius's theory, we could see that REN and LI, DEXING and ZHENGSHI were coexisting harmoniously. In his teaching experience, CONFUCIUS demanded his students try their best to develop the morality of REN and to practice the principle of "XUE ER YOU ZE SHI". But according to the ANALECTS and other historical materials, we find that "DE XING PAI" followers paid attention to morality and rejected the reality politics and ZHENG SHI PAI thought highly of reality politics but could not assist the monarch under the principle of DAO. CONFUCIUS realized the tendency of his disciples' but could do nothing except sighing with great regret. If we could find more useful data in this period, we could realize the serious reputation to the CONFUCIANISM than before espacially in the MING and QING dynasty. And we could realize more about the position and fate of CONFUCIANISM in history if we know more about the relation of DE XING and ZHENG SHI in early CONFUCIANISM in this period. |
