"two Shot" Of The Particle "de"

Ling Meng Chu's Pal An Jing Qi and Er Ke Pai An Jing Qi is Nihuaben novels in the end Ming and the early Qing Dynasty. The language in them is approximately spoken language, which is important materials for the language study of that period. We entirely described and thoroughly analyzed the auxiliary word "If" and the structures in relation to it from three levels including Syntax, Semantics and Pragmatics. And we made historical perspective through comparison with Zhu Zi Yu Lei and modern spoken Chinese, combining the dynamic and the static study. "得 " is divided into four groups "得1,得2,得3,得 4" with different grammar features. Basing on this, we concludes that the Wan Cheng pattern, Ke Neng pattern and Qing Tai Pattern which have the word "得" all have high frequency and many grammar function. With the development and regulation of Chinese grammar, "得1, 得2"and Ke Neng pattern have decreased, "If 3" and Wan Cheng pattern have disappeared, "If 4" and Qing Tai pattern have been an important structure in Contemporary Chinese. It is helpful for the reveal of grammar status in the Chinese of last several centuries and find the development and change and the inner relation of relating structure between ancient and modern Chinese to make a thorough study on "If" and relating sentence patterns,...