Complement Semantic Point

This thesis probes into the rules of complementary directions of 搑esult complement? 搒tate complement?and 揹egree complement?classified traditionally by means of valence grammatical theory and case theory from the syntax-semantic perspective. We extend the reach scope of the complement. We give a detailed description of the language phenomena, and also attempt to illustrate these phenomena.Firstly, we give a definition on the concept of 揹irection? directional research scope and its semantic criteria. Secondly, we study complementary directions according to the semantic criteria, as follows: on the basis of complementary grammatical forms we classify the complement into three types: binding, simply combining and complicatedly combining. We inquire into their different directions from the perspectives of parts of speech, valence, semantic feature of the predicate and complement, and the number of objects which the verb-complement structure takes in ~gentive 搒ubject-predicate?sentence and non-agentive 搒ubject-predicate?sentence. Thirdly, we attempt to examine the correctness of the directional rules from the perspective of form, that is, to examine complementary directions in specially designated sentences.By means of survey, we find there are 7 kinds of complementary directions:(I) non-directing; ?directing predicate; @) directing subject;.?directing object; (~) directing hidden objective object; 甦irecting hidden agentive subject;ヾirecting hidden non-agentive subject, that is, 損erson?We also attempt to classify the complement on the basis of complementary grammatical meanings: meaningless complement and meaningfi.d complement. We further classify meaningless complement into meaningless result complement and meaningless degree complement. Meaningful complement is further classified into meaningful evaluation complement and meaningful state complement. Meaningful state complement is further classified into ordinary meaningful state complement, hyperbolical meaningful state complement and degree meaningful state complement.