Microwave-assisted Extraction - Chromatography Biological Samples Of Ketamine And Amphetamine-type Drug Content

In recent years, the abuse problems of new type drugs have become increasingly fierce in China. There exists many mistaken understanding that the new types are considered as a soft, low addiction and little physical harm drugs. In fact, they have had features including huge toxicity, strong addiction and more difficult addiction rehabilitation. The new type drugs in China are amphetamines and ketamine. They have strongly psychic dependence and weakly physical dependence. Now they are mainly abused in recreational places, new type drugs have wider criminal group, they not only damage physical and mental health but also seriously affected social stability and unity. Along with the overflowing of drugs and the increasing of social harmfulness, illicit drugs inspection and confirmation are more and more urgent. So it is very important to find a simple, fast and highly efficient method to separate and detect the drugs.1. Drug varieties, the harm of drug use, the differences of new type drugs and traditional drugs were simply introduced. It carried on the simple analysis to the drug abuse in China. Analytical techniques for drugs in biological samples and their recent development were reviewed. The application of sample pretreatment techniques such as liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction and microwave assisted extraction were discussed. The advantages and limitations of gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis were also discussed.2. In this thesis urine and liver were selected as biological samples, four kinds of different type drugs (AM, MA, MDMA and K) were selected as the research object. A method was developed for the determination of drugs in biological samples based on MAE and different chromatographic methods. The types and dosage of extracting solvent, extracting time, temperature and pH were investigated.3. GC-MS method was used for qualitative analysis and GC, HPLC method for quantitative analysis of ketamine and amphetamines from biological samples. The effect of carrier gas, programmed temperature, mobile phase and gradient elution were investigated.