| Dengue viruse is an important member of the family Flaviviridae and like other Flaviviruses, contains a single positive-stranded RNA genome. Dengue viruses exist as four antigenically distinct serotypes and each can cause human infections, which are manifested clinically by either mild DF or more severe DHF/DSS. From the middle of twentieth century, the spreading of dengue viruses has become the most severe public health problems in many tropical and subtropical areas. Recently with the increase of environment temperature and international communication, the incidence of DF/DHF is rising rapidly with infecting 100 million human population each year, posing a threat to one-third of the global human pop(?) lation. But there are still no safe dengue vaccines currently available in clinic.The initial stage of study mostly emphasize traditional sterile vaccines and attenuated live vaccines. Although traditional attenuated live vaccines have entered clinical trail for many years, but so much clinical data shows that the tetravalent vaccines can't simultaneously afford protective immune responses against four serotypes. recently many virologists devote themselves to investigate vaccine using viral subunit antigen which can induce permanent protective immune response. To avoid ADE, researcher turn to focus on non-structural protein (NS protein), especially NS1 from structure protein E which was mainly studied at the beginning.Recently vector for subunit vaccine mostly apply eukaryotic expression system, such as gran(?)losis virus and vaccinia virus. Since 1980's, vaccinia virus eukaryotic expression system had widespreadly used to construct many candidate vaccine such as JEV, HIV, Flu, HBV and HSV ect..There are many studies about the antigenity and the protection of NS1 protein, NS1 protein has been confirmed that is able to protect the mice from death challenged with a lethal dose of dengue virus. Recently more and more studies are... |
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