| Objective1. Discover and discuss the syndrome and syndrome factor of osteoporosis to provide a reference for the syndrome diagnosis standard and the outcome evaluation standard of osteoporosis.2. Evaluate reliability and validity to perfect the syndrome questionnaire of osteoporosis.3. To assess the benefits and harms of Traditional Chinese Medicine or Intergrated Chinese and Western Medicine in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.Methods1. The information was collected through a cross-sectional survey, and the data was analysed with descriptive statistics analysis, decision-making tree and cluster analysis.2. The reliability was evaluated with Intraclass Correlation Coefficients and Cronbach alpha, the construct and content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated with factor analysis.3. The quality of included randomised controlled trials (treatment duration more than six months) on the effect of herbal medicines for the postmenopausal women was evaluated and meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 4.2 software.Results1. Reliability and validity: The Average of Raters Intraclass Correlation Coefficients of 21 items is 0.7784, Cronbach alpha is 0.7786. The factor analysis had extracted seven common factors which initial eigenvalues bigger than one, items of the first factor mostly represent kidney qi vacuity and damp syndrome, second dual qi and yin vacuity syndrome, third hepatic stagnation and qi vacuity syndrome, fourth kidney yin vacuity and qi stagnancy, fifth hepatic yin vacuity syndrome, sixth splenic and gastricincoordination and kidney essence vacuity, seventh hepatic and kidney vacuity syndrome.2. Syndrome research:(1) Descriptive statistics analysis: Besides those inherent symptoms of osteoporosis such as bone ache, shortern stature, humpback and fracture, soreness of the lumbar region and knee jionts, blurred vision, loss of hairs, heavy leg, lassitude and weakness, aversion to cold and cold limbs are the primary symptoms of osteoporosis; aversion to heat, ocular dryness, dysphoria and irritability, dizziness, luxated tooth, tinnitus, shortness of breath, constipation and night sweat are the secondary symptoms of osteoporosis.(2) Disicion-making tree: The diagnosis model of yin vacuity is decided by dysphoria with feverish sensation in the chest, palms and soles, night sweat and constipation, yang vacuity is decided by aversion to cold and cold limbs, loose watery stool, soreness of the lumbar region and knee jionts, dizziness and shortness of breath.(3) Cluster analysis: The seven syndrome are kidney yang vacuity, kidney essence vacuity, kidney qi vacuity; dual vacuity of kidney yin and yany; kidney and spleen yang vacuity, kidney yin vacuity, kidney and hepatic yin vacuity.3. Systematic review: We identified five studies including 486 patients and four compounds herbs. Compounds herbs kanggusong capsule showed more effective than placebo for improving patients' bone mineral density [WMD 0.06, 95%CI (0.02, 0.10)], and some traditional Chinese medicines alone were more effective than Western medicine alone on bone mineral density and serum estrogen-2. Compare with western medicine alone, kanggusong granule was effective for improving the level of serum estrogen-2 [WMD12.17,95%CI (8.27,16.07)]. We didn't find adverse events.Conclusion1. Our study discovers six primary and nine secondary symptoms of osteoporosis. The primary syndrome factors are qi vacuity, yin vacuity, yang vacuity, stagnation of qi and blood stasis, the familiar syndrome are kidney... |
