Enrichment Of The Virus In The Air And Water Environment, Detection And Purification

Environmental viruses (airborne or waterborne) such as SARS and HAV are basic origin of epidemic diseases. Conventional sampling methods in air and water are difficult to detect these viruses, which are of very low concentration in outside environment and need specific detecting methods. Viruses, different to bacteria and fungi, can' t live on general culture media, and their detection lies on specific method and complicated apparatus. It' s suitable to enrich and detect airborne or waterborne viruses or to remove them using membrane-intercepting method.This thesis is to enrich efficiently small amount of viruses in air and water using ultra-filtration membrane as sampling media. Cell culturing or PCR method can be used to detect the enriching viruses. In our experiments, phage is usually used as model virus to simulate membrane enriching of real environmental viruses. The enriching effect of membrane is evaluated by detecting the concentration change of virus across the membrane. Double layer agar method to detect phage is used, which is intuitionistic to display plaque. The process is simple, efficient and sensitive so as to supply a good technical flat of developing virus-enriching or virus-cleaning equipment. Membrane equipment of cleaning airborne virus and its performance is also researched in this thesis.The preparation of model virus (phage) includes separating phage from wasting water, purifying it and multiplication. Various ultra-filtration membranes are used to intercept and capture phage and HAV in air & water. HAV is detected by EIA-kit method. The results indicate that utilizing membrane filtration to intercept and capture phage and then using double layer agar method to detect it are simple and practical for the simulation of sampling and detecting environmental viruses. The rate of cut-off isup to 100% and the detecting limit is about 10PFU/ml. The primarily developed airborne virus cleaning equipment can remove small amount of viruses in air completely. This equipment has great prospect applying in air circulating system of infecting sickroom and bio-safety laboratory.