| Periodontal disease is a worldwide common disease with a high incidence of 90%. It has been regarded as the main cause of teeth loss, sometimes can even lead to the formation of infected focus, which may induce or aggravate some systemic diseases, thus, badly affects people's health. Bacterium including its components in dental plaque is the initial factor and plays an important role in the process of periodontal disease. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) is a gram negative and anaerobic Bacteroide melaninogenicum, and considered to be one of the main pathogenic bacteria of periodontitis. Clinical research showed that this bacterium was the predominant one in subgingival plaques and serious inflammatory areas.Extracelluar vesicles (ECV) are the results of the budding of the outer membrane of Pg and many biological active molecules are loaded and concentrated in during their formation, what's more, after being released from the bacterial cell surface, the small size of the ECV can easily permit them to cross some histological barriers, thus, extend the range and intensity of bacterial toxic effects. ECV are more destructive to tissues than integral cells due to highly concentrated toxic components on their surfaces.During the development of periodontal disease, it is very difficult to recover when periodontal membrane attachment loses and junctional epithelium withdraws from the original attaching point, and the cure rate of non-operating therapies on periodontal pocket is still very low. Thus, thisstudy was aimed to explore the inhibitive effects of water extracts from Chinese Nutgall and methanol extracts from Chinese Scutellaria baicalensis on the five common periodontal bacteria and the influence of the two extracts on the biological activities of ECV from Pg, so that provide experimental evidence for the application of two extracts for preventing and treating periodontal diseases.1. Inhibitive effects of methanol extract from Chinese scutellaria baicalensis on five common periodontal bacteriaThe inhibitive effects of methanol extract from Chinese scutellaria baicalensis on five common periodontal bacteria were measured by liquid two-fold dilution. The results showed that extract at the concentration of 5 g/L had an inhibitive effect on the proliferation of all possible pathogenic bacteria of periodontal diseases, but no effect on Streptococcus sanguis, a beneficial bacterium for periodontal tissues. This is favorable to maintain the balance of periodontal microecology and the healthy condition of periodontal tissues.2. Influence of Extracts from Chinese Nutgall and Chinese scutellaria baicalensis on the ultrastructure of PgInfluences of extracts from Chinese Nutgall and Chinese scutellaria baicalensis on the ultrastructure of Pg were observed through transmission electron microscope. It could be seen that after treatment with the two extracts, cellular membrane of most bacteria became incomplete, broken up or even disappeared. Many vacuoles appeared in cellular plasm and some blackgranules in certain cells.3. Influences of extracts from Chinese Nutgall and Chinese scutellaria baicalensis on the inhibitive effect of ECV from Pg on the biological activity of periodontal ligament fibroblast cellsInfluences of extracts from Chinese Nutgall and Chinese scutellaria baicalensis on the inhibitive effect of ECV from Pg on the biological activity of periodontal fibroblast were studied with 3H-TdR incorporation method using in vitro cultured human periodontal ligament fibroblast cells. The results showed that the two extracts markedly blocked the inhibitive effect of ECV from Pg.4. Influences of extracts from Chinese Nutgall and Chinese scutellaria baicalensis on the inhibitive effect of ECV from Pg on the alkaline phosphatase activity of periodontal ligament fibroblast cellsInfluences of extracts from Chinese Nutgall and Chinese scutellaria baicalensis on the inhibitive effect of ECV from Pg on the alkaline phosphatase activity of periodontal ligament... |
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