The Development Of Modern Agriculture: Challenges And Path Selection

Since the founding of new China,the Party and the government has been trying to explore how to build modern agriculture and achieve agricultural modernization.In view of the overall situation,there is need to follow the general rule of global agricultural development as well as take into account the practical conditions of our economic and social development to promote the conversion from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture.In this paper,China's modern agriculture system is the research object,with the evolution of modern agriculture system as the starting point and its performance as well as the difficulties encountered as the key point.Meanwhile, this paper applies the relevant theories of institutional changes to studying the future path selection of modern agriculture system.Modern agriculture and traditional agriculture are fundamentally different. Modern agriculture is an industry pattern which is equipped by modern materials, transformed by modern technology,promoted by modern managerial forms and guided by modern development idea.Its essential features are:the leading role of scientific and technological progress,marketization of resources distribution, optimization of the industrial structure,and specialization of regional production.The development of modern agriculture faces the good opportunities:it is the world trend to transform agriculture and develop technology-intensive industries; the facility agriculture based on advanced technology is emerging and has fundamentally changed the traditional mode of production;agriculture is headed to modernization guided by the concept of sustainable development and the government is becoming increasingly important.However,the factual dilemma is: agriculture is weak in nature;agricultural population is large while China's per-capital share of natural sources is inadequate;scientific and technological progress is out of step with production,the economic policy is making a major effort to industry,and the household registration system restricts the flowage of population,etc.The modern agricultural development abroad is ever more flourishing.The model of land-scale operation in the United States is mainly manifested in the application of technology,land system,the role of government as well as marketing cooperatives,etc.The model of intensive type in Japan does extremely well in biotechnology,the role of government,industry and agricultural cooperative organizations.The professionalization of French agricultural development model is noted in land policy,specialization of production, government investment and cooperatives.We can benefit a lot from the agricultural development model of different countries.In addition,our selection of agricultural development model should learn from the advantages of developed countries,advocate modern agricultural scientific and technological progress as the inherent power,encourage land-scale operation as the inevitable trend of modern agriculture and promote sustainable development as the strategic goal of modern agriculture.How to develop modern agriculture? There is need to make an analysis of the path selection of modern agriculture,that is,to enhance independent innovation and the application level of scientific and technological achievements and strengthen scientific and technological support;to further intensify agricultural protection and increase its input and perfect the policy support;to further adjust the industry structure and innovative business approaches and lay a solid foundation for building a modern agricultural industrial system;to develop modern circulation methods and new circulation format and improve the support of industry system and to improve the overall quality of the workforce and build the support of human resources.