The Status Of Urban And Rural Residents' Income Gap, Causes And Countermeasures

China's ecmomy has been developed rapidly since the reform and opening policy implemented in china.china's GPD has exceeded France and England in 2005,and it is supposed to exceed Germany in 2007,and to be the third great economic nation.On the other hand,as the rapid and steady development in economy,people's incom gap has been deepened greatly,especially between urban and rural residents,which has affected social stability and ecnomic development.The average income rate between urban and rural residents is 1.70 in 1983,but in 2006 the rate has increased to 3.28.it is estimated that the income of urban residents is six times as that of the rural residents if non-currency factors is included,such as benefits in medical treatment,education,and unemployment.And if we can not cope with the contradictions and problems tiring the economic development and if most of the people in china can not enjoy the fruit of reforming and development, it will not only violent our party' s tenet but even result in sharpening the social contradictions and turbulence and spoil environment of economic increase,in addition,it will bring about the drawbacks of economic increase and the construction of a harmonious society.Thus it is of great significance to consider the problems of widening of the income gap between urban and rural residents.In recent years,Chinese economists has undertaken many researches on the income gap between urban and rural residents,and released many related papers in the newspapers and magazines,but from the perspective of the poor capacity to study the income gap between urban and rural residents continued to widen the source of the article seldom.In addition,some scholars have put forth approachthey lowered the apex to put into the vale,although some scholars made a number of coordinating urban and rural development and narrowing the income gap between urban and rural residents the way,but the author thinks its slightly overlooked in it.So this thesis will focus on the two problems mentioned above.The thisis is divided into four parts:The first chapter analyzes the binary economic model proposed by Louis who holds the view that the turning point from widening to reduce in income gap between urban and rural residents should be the period when surplus labor in rural area has been transferred.In order to reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents,we should provide more job opportunities for the farmers in city.And further through analyzing the relationship between impartiality and efficiency from a pespective of western ecnomics and Marxism plutonomy the author holds the view that only we build up a impartial distribute and efficiency view point can we achieve the unification of impartiality and efficiency.At last the author demonstrate Marxism theory of impartial distribute and proposes the solutions to the income gap between urban and rural residentsThe second chapter entitled as the present status of the income gap between urban and rural residents analyzes the present status of the income gap between urban and rural residents from four aspects which include the speed of income increase,the average income gap,the income gap of financial assets and the consumption gap between urban and rural residents.It places emphasis on taking effective measures to increase farmer's income and reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents.The third chapter entitled as the rooted cause of widening of the income gap between urban and rural residents analyzes the form,characteristics and intensity of Chinese binary structure theory and try to trace the rooted cause of the slowness of income increase in rural areas based on the theory. The present study posts that the special system of dual banery structure including binary economic structure and binary social structure is the main cause of widening of the income gap between urban and rural residentsThe fourth chapter entitled as plan urban and rural development as a whole to reducing the income gap between urban and rural residents first maks some comments on the viewpoints on planning urban and rural development as a whole in the theoratical circle,then based on the theory of Marxism impartial distribution the study strengthens that we should target on cultivating the farmer's own capabilities and reconstruct agriculture so as to promote ecnomic development in rural areas and increase farmer's income.We should construct an effective machanism systematically to reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents prom foue aspects,which includes agriculture protection;employment mechanism;social security;and educational trainingThe thesis come to the following conclusions:Chinese income gap between urban and rural residents has exceeded the regular range though it is somehow inevitable.However he special system of dual banery structure including binary economic structure and binary social structure is the main cause of widening of the income gap between urban and rural residents.We should take Marxism impartial distribution as guidelines as well as eliminate the binary structure mechanism so as to construct a systematic mechanism to plan development in the urban and rural areas as a whole and increase farmer's incomes.The thesis uniqueness lies in:firstly,the thesis applys the concept of ability neediness to the study of the income gap between urban and rural residents and expands the notion into employment ability neediness,knowledge needinee and ability neediness of healthy living.And further analyzes the rooted cause of the income gap between urban and rural residents.Secondly,in the equitable distribution of Marxist theory as a guide,the author proposes that we should cultivate the farmer's own abilities and create more job opportunities in order to construct an effective machanism systematically to reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents.