Research On Simulation Of Sar Image And Application Based On Image Characteristics

With the advantage of working day-and-night, of all-weather and the ability of penetrating something, SAR has been attached great importance all over the world and developed fleetly. SAR image simulation is a technology of producing a SAR image with computer for multiplicate applications according to ground data or other remote sensing data etc. The technology of SAR image simulation was developing rapidly with the development of SAR, and had played an important role in national defence and economic fields, e.g. the design and validation of radar system, the precise geometrical rectification and geocoding of radar images, the interpretation and recognition of radar images, testing new arithmetic etc. But the theory and technology of the simulation of SAR image and its application has not been developed deeply. So it is necessitous and practical to study the technology of SAR image simulation.SAR image simulation technology is classified into two methods, one is the simulation method based on raw signal, and the other is simulation method based on image characteristics. The thesis studied mostly on the method based on image characteristics. The simulation theory, the method of carrying out simulation and the application of simulation in this thesis were all included. Two means of simulation in this thesis were designed according different cases and the experiments were done at last.The central content and work in this thesis were followed as below:1. Summarizing and analyzing all kinds of SAR image simulation methods,giving a brief introduction of the theories and processes of all the methods. The geometric characteristics and the model of inherent speckle noise were given.2. Introducing the knowledge referring to SAR image simulation based on image characteristic particularly. The common methods of data preprocessing of DEM data, orbital data and the transformation of coordinates were given. And the imagery models and backscattering models of objects on the land were analyzed.3. The simulation methods of SAR image at two cases were designed and carried out. When there was obvious hypsography the simulation method based on DEM was adopted; When the land was flat and there were sorts of land covers, the simulation method based on DEM with classification information of land objects was adopted.4. The strategy of intension integral was adopted when computing the intension of SAR image according to the imagery fact. And with this method the hue was improved and the detail was enriched.5. The simulation of speckle noise was realized. The reality by adding speckle noise into the smoothing image according to the multiplied noise model was improved. Simulation of InSAR complex image and simulation of interferogram were implemented as the attempt in InSAR. 6. Realizing the geometric rectification of SAR image by using the simulation SAR image. Firstly, simulating SAR image through given DEM data, then matching the simulation image and the real image with SIFT arithmetic operator so as to build the transforming relation between real image and DEM coordinate, and then the geometric rectification of SAR image could be implemented with the imagery model.