A Study On The Survival Action Of Farmers In The Ecologically Fraglle Areas

The study take the histor ical review about changes of farmers live action as a base,the author try to inspect the relations between social reality on the level of the structure(such as socia l system, socia l economic and socia l situation, the social policy) and theactors. Through the field investigation about the Donghuzheng town of minqin Minqincounty at gansu province, the paper try to figure out the relationship between externalconditions and action of the farmer who live in ecological fragile areas. With the changesof political and economic system vicissitude and the loca l vulne rable ecologicalenvironment as the background, this paper finds out the influence to the action of farmers,It also try to display what action would be taken by the farmers and present the result ofaction in the background of changes of socia l transition and the ecological environment.Firstly, the paper presents three main stages of the action of the farmer, and give athorough analysis to the different stages of the farmers live action mode and the influencefactors. The survival crisis which made by policy mistakes due to early settlers have hadto break Institutiona l barriers, at the same time, the formation of the early settlerscommunity and links of interpersona l network has created a convenient condition for laterscale migration ;After the reform, the farmers have suffered a double pressure of aworsening ecological environment and unfair treatment, and at the same time, the marketeconomy cause the resurrection of economic rationa lity, many factors spur the loca lfarmers to seek more living and development space outside, The farmers who had chosenstay at home pay an attention to expand arable land,the outflow population had Lookingfor living space at areas which population density is smaller. After the year 2003, thenationa l power back into the ecological environment, ecological compensation policieshas brought benefits for farmers of ecological fragile areas, peasants play game with thestate and loca l gover nment by using special means and tactics, and the expansion ofcultivated land had brought them unexpected economic benefits, meanwhile, It also hadreduced desired effects of the ecological Policy.Secondly, on the basis of analysis about factors which affecting the track of farmersaction, the author thinks that the survival circumstances of farmers (bad ecologicalenvironment and natural resources) is not naturally, The power play an important role to that. The author think that farmers face a bad living space is the result of power, theecological management based on spatial division had not changed the externalenvironment, and the "atomic" peasants weak to change the status quo, on the lack ofeffective internal resources situation, Institutiona lization survival is the feature of peasants.The farmers faced a severe environment, they have developed several strategies forsurvival :looking for alternative living space by immigrant; flow through to expand livingspace, using the space which retained by gover nment management blind.The study also found that farmers can adjust the actions target and strategy to adaptto the changing circumstances. Scott argues that farmers action follow "safety first"survival ethical, it can't expla in the histor ical changes of action of farmers who live inecological areas obviously. Structuralism theory emphasizes on the restrict ive function ofsystem, it keeps the existence, however the peasants is not a pygmy of judgment andaction.The study found that scholars have accustomed to assume a persona lity model as alogic starting point for analyzing the practice of action in many study of the Farmers'action. The author thinks that whether the survival rationa lity or economical rationa lity orsocia l rationa lity is just the performance of action in different situations, rather thanpsychological mot ivation to the concrete practice of farmers. According to the rheologicscenes of action, actors can adjust action goal independently. Thus, rheologiccharacterist ics also been performed by the actors. So the author tries to revise thetheoret ical models of expla ining farmers' action.