| Purpose:Along with rapid advance of people's life, fallacious trend of diet structure and manner, low prevalence rate of science knowledge, obesity incidence rises rapidly into maturity. Obesity brings inconvenience to people's life, even effects physical and mental health. It deprives of people's graceful shape and causes various diseases; according to a study, diabetes,hypertension heart disease etc., which occurred in adulthood are all closely related to obesity, over weight and superfluous adipose tissue may cause various cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular function effects people's body heath and life-span, thereby, it makes very important sense that overweight and fat people make assessment of body shape and cardiovascular function. In terms of losing weight through exercise, with 8-months'tracking survey and guidance to the adult obesity in Shanghai community, we aim to research exercise effect on body shape and cardiovascular function, to enhance people's heath knowledge and fitness sense, to look after better exercise for fat people.Methods:Study objects are 332 Shanghai community residents who are overweight and obesity participated in the 2008～2009 Constitution and Health Intervention of Shanghai Citizen. Conform to the summing-up report on the work of China Obesity Working Group, diagnostic criteria of obesity is BMI (body mass index) norm for screening overweight and obesity in adults. BMI≥24 overweight, BMI≥28 obesity, and refer to relevant fat rate (namely male>20%, female>25% is obesity). According to choices, take exercise respectively at the guidance of each community coach. Before intervention, research volunteers'exercise habit and medical record and take step test, according to test result, set down personal exercise method:take long time aerobics at low and moderate intensity, supervise and urge volunteers to take more than 30min exercise, commonly over 45min and every week at least 4-5 times, volunteers are suggested to exercise everyday and last 8 months.Results:Shape Norm variety:As far as overall change is concerned, except for stature and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), BMI has distinct variety (P< 0.05), also body mass,lean body mass (LBM),fat rate,waistline and hipline (P< 0.01), meanwhile, LBM increases, BMI,waistline,hipline and fat rate fall and all approach normal index.Function Index variety:Forward and backward weight lose, both resting heart rate and systolic pressure have very distinct variety (P< 0.01), pulse pressure difference and diastolic blood pressure have distinct variety (P< 0.05), meanwhile, pulse pressure difference diminish, the resting heart rate,systolic pressure and diastolic blood pressure all fall.Heart rate variety with same exercise:With some intensity exercise, variety scope of heart rate after losing weight is distinctly less than before.Conclusions:1. Overweight/fat people in Shanghai is lack sense of fitness, about obesity and weight lose, lack of scientific knowledge, and in community no professional institution or personnel engaged in relevant consultation and guidance.2. Proper exercise intervention take good effect on overweight and obesity and body shape to normal people and adults, it clearly reduces volunteer's bodyweight and fat rate, increases lean body mass; however, the decline of body mass and the increase of lean body mass make it clearer that proper exercise is good for weight lose and body shape.3. Proper exercise intervention is also good for cardiovascular function; it clearly reduces resting heart rate and blood pressure, after losing weight, variety scope of heart rate clearly diminished.Suggestions:1. The levels of obesity knowledge affect the prevention and control for obesity. Therefore, we suggest that community should carry out kinds of obesity education activities to improve the obesity knowledge of overweight and fat persons and arouse their enthusiasm and the activity of taking in sport. And enhance health education and obesity knowledge propaganda, organize and carry out specialized lectures about obesity, and relevant department should appoint professionals to set down personal proper exercise method according to patients'individual diversity, to enhance this groups'fitness sense and attract more overweight/fat people to join us to lose weight through scientific and proper methods.2. To avoid weight rebound, we suggest volunteers to keep this aerobics exercise and be a real participant and beneficiary of athletic exercise and establish foundation for one's lifelong exercise. |
PDF Full Text Request