| ObjectiveTo observe the effect of long-term exercise on hydroxyl radical metabolism and lipid peroxidation in the different tissues of the rats and its possible gender differences, and to investigate the effect of dietary iron contents on hydroxyl radical metabolism and lipid peroxidation in the different tissues on the female exercising rats.Methods1. To observe the effect of long-term exercise on hydroxyl radical metabolism and lipid peroxidation in the different tissues on the rats and its possible gender difference, the Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups: FSG(female sedentary group, n=8), FEG(female exercise n=8), MSG(male sedentary n=13) and MEG(male exercise n=11). The animals in the FEG and MEG swam for 2 h/day. At the end of the 3rd month, the hydroxyl radical and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the different tissues (plasma, liver, spleen, kidney, heart, muscle) were analyzed.2. To observe the effect of exercise and dietary iron contents on hydroxyl radical metabolism and lipid peroxidation in the different tissues on the female rats, the Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly assigned to one of six groups according to exercise and levels of dietary iron: LSG (low sedentary group, n=10), NSG (normal sedentary group, n=10), HSG (high sedentary group, n=10) LEG (low exercise group, n=18), NEG (normal exercise group, n=12) and HEG (normal exercise group, n=12). The animals in the LEG, NEG and HEG swam for 2 h/day. At the end of the 3rd month, the hydroxyl radical and MDA in the different tissues (plasma, liver, spleen, kidney, heart, muscle) were analyzed.Results1. Effect of long-term exercise on hydroxyl radical metabolism in the different tissues of the rats and its gender differences. (1) In the male exercise group, as compared to the corresponding sedentary group, the level of hydroxyl radical had a significant increase in the heart and kidney, and had a significant decrease in the liver, but had no changes in the spleen, plasma and muscle. In the female exercise group, as compared to the corresponding sedentary group, the level of hydroxyl radical had a significant increase in the heart, and had a significant decrease in the liver, but had no changes in the plasma, spleen, kidney and muscle. (2) By comparison between the female and the male sedentary groups, the hydroxyl radical contents were significantly lower in the spleen, kidney and muscle rather than in the plasma and liver in the male rats than in the female rats. By comparison between the female and the male exercise groups, the hydroxyl radical contents were significantly lower in the kidney and muscle rather than in the plasma, liver and heart of the male rats as compared with the female rats.2. Effect of long-term exercise on lipid peroxidation in the different tissues on the rats and its gender differences: (1) In the male exercise group, as compared to the corresponding sedentary groups, the level of MDA had a significant increase in the kidney, and had a significant decrease in the plasma and muscle, but had no changes in the liver, spleen and heart. In the female exercise group, as compared to the corresponding sedentary group, the level of MDA had a significant decrease in the liver and had a significant increase in the heart, but had no changes in the plasma, spleen, kidney and muscle. (2) By comparison between the female and the male sedentary groups, the MDA contents were significantly lower in the liver and kidney rather than in the plasma, spleen, heart and muscle in the male rats than in the female rats. By comparison between the female and the male exercise groups, the MDA contents were significantly lower in the plasma, liver, kidney, heart and muscle rather than in the spleen of the male rats as compared with the female rats.3. Effect of long-term exercise and dietary iron contents on hydroxyl radical metabolism in the different tissues of the female rats: (1) By comparison among the three sedentary groups, the hydroxyl radical contents were significantly higher in the spleen and kidney as well as heart in the HSG than in the NSG, but were not significantly different in the liver and muscle between the HSG and the NSG, the hydroxyl radical contents were significantly lower in the liver and muscle in the LSG than those in the NSG or HSG. (2) By comparison among the three exercise groups, the hydroxyl radical contents were not significantly different in the spleen between the HEG and the NEG, but were significantly higher in the liver, kidney, heart and muscle in the HEG than those in the NEG The hydroxyl radical contents had no significant differences between the LEG and the NEG. (3) In the HEG, as compared to those in the corresponding sedentary group, the hydroxyl radical contents had a significant increase in the liver and kidney as well as muscle, but had no changes in the spleen and heart. In the NEG, the hydroxyl radical contents had a significant increase in the heart, and had a significant decrease in the liver, but had no changes in the spleen, kidney and muscle. In the LEG, the hydroxyl radical contents had a significant increase in the heart and spleen as well as muscle, but had no changes in the liver and kidney.4. Effect of long-term exercise and dietary iron contents on lipid peroxidation in the different tissues of the female rats: (1) By comparison among the three sedentary groups, the MDA contents in the spleen, kidney, heart and muscle were significantly higher in the HSG than in the NSG or the LSG, but were not significantly different in the liver. In the LSG, as compared to those in the NSG, the MDA contents were significantly lower in the liver, spleen and heart, but were not significantly different in the kidney and muscle. (2) By comparison among the three exercise groups, the MDA contents in the liver, kidney, heart and muscle were significantly higher in the HEG than in the NEG or LEG, but were not significantly different in the spleen between the two groups. The MDA contents were significantly lower in the heart in the LEG than in the NEG, but had no significant differences in the liver, spleen, kidney and muscle between the LEG and the NEG. (3) In the HEG, as compared to those in the corresponding sedentary group, the MDA contents had a significant increase in the liver, kidney and heart, but had no changes in the spleen and muscle. In the NEG, the MDA contents had a significant increase in the kidney and heart, and had a significant decrease in the liver, but without changes in the spleen and muscle. In the LEG, the MDA contents had a significant increase in the spleen, kidney and heart, but without changes in the liver and muscle.5. Observation of correlation between the hydroxyl radical control ability and the MDA contents in different tissues in during exercise or under the situation of different dietary iron contents. The significant correlations between the hydroxyl radical control ability and the MDA contents were found mainly in the heart, kidney and muscle, but not in the spleen.ConclusionsLong-term exercise may increase the level of hydroxyl radical and the degree of lipid peroxidation in the heart and kidney; the level of MDA has a significant gender differences in the liver, kidney, heart and plasma. In the liver, kidney, heart and muscle, the level of hydroxyl radical and MDA has a significant increase in the high dietary iron contents rats and has the significant correlations between the hydroxyl radical contents and the MDA contents in the kidney, heart and muscle, but not in the spleen. |
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