| Objective: To detect the expression of GPC3 ,AFP and CD133 in serum and tissues of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, compared with the normal tissues and clinical date, to investigate the expression of glypican-3 in primary hepatic cancer (PHC) and analyze its clinical significance.Methods: 1,To check the expression level of GPC3 AFP and CD133 in the serun of seventy-four liver cancer patients and forty-nine liver cirrhosis patierns by ELISA method;2,Fifty-seven PHC and tumuor-adjacent specimens and nineteen normal live specimens were included in the study. The expression of GPC3, AFP, and CD133 in these specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlation of the expression of these proteins with clinical pathology parameters in PHC was analyzed.Result: (1) the expression of GPC3 protein in the serum of hepatitis, cirrhosis petients and heathy people:serum GPC3 protein level in hepatitis, cirrhosis petients and heathy people were (212.6±137.5)ng/ml,(60.9±27.8)ng/ml and (39.5±18.7)ng/ml. The serum GPC3 protein level of PHC was significantly higher than that of cirrhosis and healthy people(all P<0.05). The serum GPC3 protein level of cirrhosis petients was higher than the level of healthy people(P<0.05). In liver cancer group, of serum GPC3 protein, the positive rate was 77.2%; AFP, the positive rate was 63.1%; CD133, the positive rate was 42.9%; Serum GCP3 protein and AFP in PHC combined detection rate was 84.2%; serum GPC3 and the CD133 jointed detection rate was 70.2% ; combined of the three, the detection rate was92.9%.(2) The immunohistochemistry results of these tissues showed that GPC3 protein mainly in the cytoplasm and cell membrane was brown. The expression levels of GPC3, AFP and CD133 were significantly higher in PHC than tumor-adjacent tissue and these expression levels in tumor-adjacent tissue(0.158±0.023vs0.137±0.019; 0.118±0.022vs0.114±0.012;0.128±0.023vs0.102±0.013,all P<0.05) was higher than normal liver tissue (0.137±0.019 vs0.057±0.016; 0.114±0.012vs0.085±0.009; 0.102±0.013vs0.087±0.015,均P<0.05),respectively.GPC3 expression was positively correlated with tumor size, pathological grade and cirrhosis, but not with degree of tumor differentiation, tumor number, HBsAg, clinical stage and serum AFP level. CD133 expression was positively correlated with portal vein tunor thrombus and clinical stage, but not with tumor size and serum AFP level. The expression levels of GPC3 and CD133 were higher than that of AFP in PHC (both P<0.05). The positive rate of serum GPC3 protein in AFP negative liver cancer was 57.1%, in the AFP positive liver cancer, the positive rate was 88.9%%.Conclusion: The GPC3 protein was highly expressed in serum and tissues of primary liver cancer and it may become a new more effective liver cancer marker for PHC. The positive rate of GPC3 in AFP-negative HCC and it may be an effective diagnostic index of such liver cancer. Combined detection of GPC3, AFP and CD133 is helpful for improving the diagnositic rate of primary liver cancer. |
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