Jerusalem Artichoke And Efficient Regeneration System For

Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus L.) is a perennial plant with persistent roots, belongs to the family of Helianthus annuus L.(Compositae), its common name is Yang Jiang, etc. It likes Chrysanthemum above-ground and likes Taro underground. Jerusalem artichoke is a tall plant grow sturdily, with sufficient organic matter accumulation, nutrient-rich tubers, high output was used widely. It is an emerging potential, multi-energy plants and economic crops. Jerusalem artichoke with strong stress tolerance itself, not only saline tolerance, drought stress and cold, but also anti-poor, resist blown sand, etc. So, it may be widely cultivated species of plants with less demand on the growing environment and highly adaptable.Tuber propagation is the conventional breeding methods for the Jerusalem artichoke. The long-term growth under the ground will lead to the accumulation of large numbers of virus diseases, ultimately deterioration and yield varieties decreased year by year, inefficient industrial production, less Superior species. Establishment of improved artichoke tissue culture technology is an important way to solve this problem. Jerusalem artichoke used widely in the aspect of energy development, such as agricultural forage production, industrial alcohol preparation, food fructose refining, and so on. Therefore, enhance the production has important practical significance, Jerusalem artichoke virus-free technology will play a huge role in planting increase production.The main results obtained by experiment are as follows:1. Through the statistical comparisons with the pollution rate and soaked browning rate, sterile rate and survival rate of explant, we can see, two optimum explant disinfection procedures:drawing materialsâ†'washing by waterâ†'immersing in liquid detergent 10 minâ†'washing by water 30 minâ†'surface sterilizing by 75% ethanolâ†'immersion in 0.1% Mercuric chloride solutionâ†'oscillate clean by sterile water 4-6 timesâ†'dry by sterile filter paperâ†'access to MS medium. Tuber disinfection with 75% ethanol 20 s and 0.1% Mercuric chloride for 1 min combination treatment. Daytime temperature was (25±2)℃, night temperature was (23±2)℃, illumination time was 12-14 h/d, with 1500-2000 Lux light intensity, survival rate of 86%.2. The main factors effect shoot induction is the hormone levels and explants inoculation method. The optimal shoot induction medium was MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L IBA, pH5.8,t positive inoculation (morphology lower down) was the optimal inoculation method. The induction rate is 93%.3. The main factors effect the shoot subculture proliferation are 6-BA concentration, cluster planting density and shoot height. The optimal subculture medium for the proliferation was MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L, pH5.8, height 1.0 cm,10 strains every bottle is appropriate, multiple of proliferation could reach 4 times for average.4. The main factors effect strong seedling are light intensity and 6-BA concentration, the optimal strong seedling medium was MS+0.1 mg/L 6-BA, with the light intensity 1500-2000 Lux.5. The main factor effect rooting culture is NAA concentration. The optimal rooting medium was MS+0.2 mg/L NAA, H5.8, the rooting rate reached 100%,6. The main factors effect transplant is mixture, temperature and humidity. After 3 days train seedlings under normal temperature, the plant will be transplant. The optimal mixture was peat soil+ vermiculite+perlite (2:1:1), the temperature is 26℃, humidity is 50%, the survival rate of transplant reach 95%, field planting survival rate of 95%.7. Planting began in mid-May, harvested in mid-October, while Survey plant growth conditions and the final harvest of the various stages, etc.Through this experiment, it studied comprehensive on Jerusalem artichoke tissue culture propagation in various technical aspects, and selected the best technical parameters, then established an efficient regeneration system of Helianthus tuberosus, increased bud proliferation coefficient. Virus-free yield on the Jerusalem artichoke has obvious effect; it provided the professional technical support to Jerusalem artichoke nursery, also can be the basic material for breed select and gene engineering research.