Safflower And The Polygalaceae Seed Mutation Breeding Technology Of The Preliminary Study

Flower is the principal officinal portion of Safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.),which is in low yield of 150-300kg/hm2. Many new Safflower cultivars in plantation has been obtained by cross-breeding,which is aimed at high seed yield.Polygala tenuifolia Willd has been cultivated for a short time,so it was lack of breeding-cultivations in plantation. The research preliminarily studied the induced effect on seeds of Carthamus tinctorius and Polygala tenuifolia by 60Coy-ray, EMS and N+ ion beam implantation,Which formed the foundation for mutation breeding technology.The results were as following:1.The seeds of "Yunhong 3"and "Xinhong 4" were induced by 60Coy-ray, germination rate of seeds,seedling height,germination, seedling rate, rootactivity and peroxide catalase(CAT), peroxidase(POD), superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity were determined. The LD50 of radiation dose of "Yunhong 3"and "Xinhong 4" could be deduced by equation of linear regression between seedling rate and radiation dose.2. The seeds of "Yunhong 3 "and "Xinhong 4" were induced by EMS and N+ion beam implantation, germination rate of seeds, and germination, seedling rate were determined, and then the LD50 density of EMS and LD50 radiation dose of N+ion beam implantation were obtained,which was furtherly prepared for mutation breeding in future.3. The seeds of "Jianyang Safflower" were induced by 60Coy-ray and EMS.We studied M1,M2 in field and chose variation individual,and compared phenotypic traits and quality character of M3 variated plant line. 4. The seeds of Polygala tenuifolia were induced by 60Coγ-ray and EMS, germination rate of seeds,seedling height, germination, seedling rate were studied. The LD50 of radiation dose was obtained by equation of linear regression between seedling rate and radiation dose.Furthermore, the LD50 density of EMS was determined with seedling rate as a standard, which were in order to guide the future work of mutation breeding.