Leguminous Trees The Roots Of Anatomical Structures And Chemicals And Nodulation Of The Relationship Between

Since the German scholar, Hermann Hellriegel firstly studied the rhizobia of the soybean having nitrogen fixation in 1886 and the Dutch separated and obtained the pure culture of rhizobia originally in 1888, there were more and more research about the symbiosis of the legume-rhizobia, and it becomes one of the most active research fields in the world now. For many years, people have got great important research achievements in biological nitrogen fixation, biochemistry and the genetics, but there is little research on the program about non-nodule legume. With the comparison on the morphology, anatomy and the anti-germ chemical extracted from the root between the nodule and non-nodule legume, this article has studied and discussed the possible reasons why the non-nodule legume cannot nodulate. The main results were as follow:22 species of legume were selected from legume (3 genera from Mimosoideae, 2 genera from Papilionideae and 3 genera from Caesalpinioideae) and cultivated in water and pots respectively. The relationship between the morphological variation of the root and their nodulation were studied. The results indicated that the species of legume from Mimosoideae and Papilionideae can nodulate, while the species of legume from Caesalpinioideae can not nodulate. There were distinctive differentiation of the root morphology existed in the nodule legume and the non-nodule ones. The roots of non-nodule legume species are messiness, wiriness and dark brown to black in colors, however, the roots of nodule legume species are all soft and ivory to earth yellow in colors. Although the root nodule's size, shape and the color were different, the position where the nodules form (mostly in lateral roots) was same. It also showed that the nodulation of the legume had no relation to the extent of the root's development.The number of the root hair of the legume had no close relation to the nodulation. On the non-nodule legume species, bushy root hairs develop on the main roots, but no root hair on lateral roots. There is no difference between the inoculated seedlings and the control and root hairs didn't crook to deform on them. On the nodule legume, however, root hairs changed greatly after inoculated, especially the lateral roots hair. Even on some species (for example Albizia julibrissiri), root hairs did not develop at the no inoculated seedlings, but more deformed roots developed on the lateral root base at the inoculated seedlings. All the things showed that the rhizobia could induce the root hairs on the lateral roots of some legume species.Taken one part about 1 cm of the control seedlings' lateral root as the experimentmaterial, olefin slice were be tailored. The anatomic structure of this roots was observed using the microscope. The results showed that epidermal cells of the nodule legume's root were different to the non-nodule legume's. First, The epidermal cells of non-nodule legume species were hardness and kept full after slice up. The epidermal cells of nodule legume species, however, were soft and easy by damaged. Second, the cuter tangential wall of the epidermal cells of non-nodule legume were black, but nodule legume's were tint or without blackness. Finally, The average thickness of cuter tangential wall of epidermal cells of non-nodule legume were 4.8 m, however, the thickness of nodule legume's were 1.1 m on the average.Selected plump and vigorous seeds of the non-nodule legume and nodule legume respectively and planted them in the test fields and pull out them after five months. Tannin was extracted from the root and was quantitative analysis using the ultraviolet spectra-photometric. The results showed that there were some tannin in the root of non-nodule legume plant, but not any tannin in the root of nodule legume. It showed that tannin was one of the factors to affect the legume nodulation.Added the suspension of nodule bacteria to culture liquid of legume plant, the multiplication was tested after culturing a period. The result showed that the multiplication rates of bacteria were no di...