Selenium Nutrition On The The Malt Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics

Selenium is a vital trace element to human and livestock, and various disease caused by absorbing deficient selenium had been reported. Selenium deficiency or latent deficiency is very common and serious in world, especially in China, about 72% area or 2/3 Chinese people englobed lower content of selenium than that of recommended by IUNS. So, most people had to supplement more selenium to satisfy their needs. But for the moment, so many problems such as no compatible Se-enriched carrier and pathway, selenium content uncontrolled and so on existed. Therefore, barley was chose as the carrier in condition of no eatable organic selenium synthesized chemically, and many researches were studied. Barley was not only sensitive to selenium but also had large ability of se-accumulation, and so there was not only enough selenium content to satisfy animals needs but also it forbidden over content of selenium causing human to be toxic. The researches included two aspects, one was the composition form of organic-Se, the other was effects of selenium on the physiology and biochemical character of malt. The results were as follows :(1)Malt had powerful ability of accumulating selenium and transforming inorganic-Se into organic-Se, the total content of selenium was about 10 μg/g and more than 90% of selenium was organic selenium when treated with 300mg/L concentration of Na2.SeO3.(2) When malt was treated with 100mg/L concentration of Na2SeO3 plus 100mg/L of antibiotic P or 0.05mg/L gibberellin GAa, the total content of selenium was 1.2 times and 2.9 times than that of the corresponding control, respectively.(3) Most of selenium absorbed by mall combined with protein, but there were also existed a little of Se-nucleic acid, Se-polysaccharides and other organic-Se compound.(4) Low concentration of Na2SeO3 increased respiratory intensity of malt, and the respiratory intensity increased rapidly after adding antibiotic P(concentration≤ 200mg/L) or gibberellin GA3(concentration≤0.1mg/L).(5) Lower concentration of Na2SeO3 had antioxidation and increased the activity of oxido-reductase system such as peroxidase(POD), polyphenoloxidase(PPO), glulathione peroxidase(GSH-Px). The proteinase activity of malt also had relationship to selenium. Adding of moderate concentration bioadditive antibioticP or GA3 during malting enhanced the action.(5) The protein content in malt increased when the malt was treated Na2SeO3 , but decreased after adding gibberellin GA3. Lower concentration of Na2SeO3 increased the content of nucleic acid and polysaccharides, but high concentration Na2SeO3 did the reverse.