Foreign Lee Varieties Of The Introduction Of Screening And Regionalization Cultivation Techniques

Plum belongs to the genus of Primus in the Family, Rosaceae.The fruits of plum are colourful,distinctive taste,and with high nutrition value.Plum can be harvested for a long time with varieties of different maturation periods,and be processed to prunes,candies except for be supplied with fresh fruits.For high adaptivity it can be cultivated in small pieces or large expanses,and farmers can get high output and economic results with simple managements.That old plum varieties cultivated in China fitted for marketing was rare. And shelf life of these varieties were short(only 5-7days).They came into markets during July to August and the price was very low.New varieties were introduced from USA,Japan,Italia and Czecho since 1980's.The fruits of these varieties with good appearance were big and sweet especially for some late mature varieties.They could be preserved for a long time at normal temperature.They should be cultivated in more areas.But some difficulties existed during the processs of introductions,such as varieties adaptivity,matched cultivation skills and high speed popularization in special areas.For solving these problems, 15 plum varieties were introduced from other countries.After trials on region adaptivities and integrate characters, 10 good varieties were chosen for cultivation in Luoyang.And these varieties were first cultivated in Luoyang and west of Henan Province.They could be picked up from June to Sepertember.And late mature could keep fresh for more time.This led to a longer marketing period.lntroduced varieties resisted low temperature in florescence the same as foreign varieties.In 2002 the temperature changed severely in spring.The temperature was very low in florescence.Varieties introduced blossomed and bored fruits as usual,and the output was high.Matched cultivation key skills were researched at special areas according to the characters of varieties screened.An integrate cultivation skills were summarized including that using of high grafting to change the old varieties,plant growth regulation and preventing and curing plum diseases and pests.With these skills,some fruits were bore the second year after cultivation.The output was 7500 kg/hm2 in the third year, 16000kg/hm2 in the fourth year,and 28000kg/hm2 in the fifth year.lf the price was 4￥kg-1,the benefit was ￥l.5×!04, ￥3.2×104, ￥5.4×104 separately.The research results had passed the identification of scientific and technological committee of Luoyang,Henan Provience.Specialists admitted the skill was advanced in Henan Provience and suggested to popularize the achievement of this research in Luoyang and other area which had the same condition as Luoyang.