The Research And Extension Of Tebuconazole On The Control Of Wheat Sharp Eyespot

Several fungicides used for prevention and cure of wheat sharp eyespot were seclected to determine their virulence, safety and effectiveness. Meanwhile, market researches were carried out in three wheat production areas:middle region of Shandong province, middle region of HeBei province and Hexi corridor and analyzed the effects of local meteorology, hydrology, income of farmers, purchasing power, educational levels, price, brand, reputation, and the willingness of franchiser to promote the products on the sale of wheat fungicides. Based on the results, analytic hierarchy processes were used to determine the promotion prospects of several fungicides in the wheat field. The contents of experimental projects, research process and synthetic method could be utilized as a scientific system prior to promotion or production of a new pesticide. The main conclusions include:1. Toxicity measurements were carried out to select the effective fungicides to control Rhizoctoniz cerealis. Four high-toxicity fungicides were identified:tebuconazole had the highest toxicity with its EC50 value 0.0210μg/mL. Celetst, propiconazole and validamycin were 0.1410,0.1583 and 0.4365μg/mL, respectively.2. Joint toxicity tests of tebuconazole, thiram and carbendazim were conducted to screen high efficiency mixture. Two fungicide compatibility compound were proposed, which were tebuconazole and thiram 1:3 mixture and tebuconazole and sanmate 1:1 mixture, with co-toxicity coefficients of both mixtures were 151.9 and 125.5, respectively. Synergism were obvious.3. Socking and coating the seeds of two wheat cultivars in Hebei Province with tebuconazole were conducted to assure the effective dose.25% Tebuconazole WP active matter content in per kg seed were identified, which had no significant effect on different wheat varieties in germination rate, one hundred wet weight, dry weight. Otherwise, significant inhibition was obtained.4. a-amylase activities in endosperm of different varieties of wheat seeds reached their peak in the first 6d after treated with tebuconazole by socking and coating the seeds. However, a-amylase activities were suppressed from the first day of germination, lower than the control. Chlorophyll content, soluble protein and soluble sugar of wheat seedlings were lower than the control since the 14th day. 5. Seedling emergence and root growth were a little bit inhibited by dressing and potting seeds of " shixin733 " wheat cultivars in Hebei Province with myclobutanil 5% WP,12.5% diniconazole WP,25% tebuconazole WP,20% tebuconazole·carbendazim WP, 40% tebuconazole·Thiram WP, which also showed some stimulation to wheat seedling tiller.6. Seed dressing in field tests proved that using 25% tebuconazole WP 12g-15g and 12.5% diniconazole WP 60g for per 100kg wheat seed had obvious protection to wheat, but the control efficacy falled quickly in late time.7. Spraying wheat in late time indicated that the 25% myclobutanil WP 5000 times had a prominent control effect, but falled obviously in late time. Control efficacies of 20% tebuconazole-carbendazim WP 3000 times and 2000 times were general in the first time, but the control effect remained at a high level later, and after the second spray, the control effect was prominent. This was the same with the 40% tebuconazole·thiram WP 3000 times and 2000 times.8. In market research, we found that the three wheat growing areas in north were identical, with obvious difference. When wheat fungicides were promoted, the local climate, hydrology, species differences, distinguish the demand differences of wheat area farmers on efficacy, price, application, brand, packaging and other factors were need to be fully considered. A comprehensive evaluation of different wheat fungicide through hierarchical structure model was established that 25% tebuconazole WP was optimum to widely promote in several major wheat growing areas in north. And 40% tebuconazole·Thiram WP was second, and 20% tebuconazole·Carbendazim WP could be used as a organic supplement for sales promotion.AHP method can be used not only to evaluate the fungicide objectively and quantitatively, and to break through the traditional mode of thinking that only use experimental method to solve the problem of plant protection. As is a special product, pesticide was studied on its pharmaceutical properties and commercial properties simultaneously, which was a great innovation. The tests and methods used in this study are universal and significant.