Effects Of Chinese Chestnut (castanea Mollissima Bl.) Metaxenia On Fruit Quality

Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima BL.) was a species of high economic valueties of tree, it also is an important teature of economic forest nuts. Our Chinese chestnut had good color, high sugar content, sweet, succulent fine and glutinous; it was go down well with domestic and foreign. Main point of this experiment is by studying the phenomenon of chestnut Xenia effect on fruit quality, in order to increase the knowledge of the fertilization process of plant and to make use of the good performance of economic traits by xenia in the production. For example through use xenia to change the size of chestnut and its sugar content and total starch content, to improve the quality of Chinese chestnut, and improve the value of Chestnut, such as good tast and high glutinous. Meanwhile it has an important practical significance in the chestnut production, it may provide theory basis for dispose the pollination tree reasonable, and improve its quality and cost-effective.Chinese chestnut is widely distributed in china, in accordance with customary it was divided into tow species, southern Chinese chestnut and northern Chinese chestnut. In this article, we choose four species of Chinese chestnut, there are tow southern Chinese chestnut ("The Yunnan chestnut No.15"and"The Yunnan chestnut No.22") and tow northern Chinese chestnut ("Yan Shan Hong"chestnut and"Yan Long"chestnut). The tow southern chestnut and the tow northern chestnut, respectively, for each other as male parent and female parent, divided self, orthogonal, anti-cross pollination and natural pollination in four combinations to do artificial pollination experiment. Determination of the inherent quality of the fruit (Total soluble sugar content,Protein content,Amy lose content, Amylopectin content,Total starch content and Moisture content) and the external quality of fruit (fruit weight, volume, and longitudinal and transverse diameter of the ball high, average weight, gill length, shape, fruit shape, color of fruit characters) for fruit of each pollination group in the same year, And pollen morphology and germination rate. Determined by the results of the statistical indicators and analysis, study in the effect of chestnut Xenia influence and effect on fruit, while study in the Xenia effect of strength of different male parent for each pollination group, and in the factors impacted for Xenia effect and the correlation between inclusions. In each pollination group of Total soluble sugar content,Protein content,Amylose content, Amylopectin content,Total starch content and Moisture content, the D-value between highest and lowest content in each pollination group was 10.72%,2.03%,3.68%,12.46% and 2.45%. Through the measurement and results show that:1. Chinese chestnut obvious xenia, but there are also negative effects to the xenia. In the experiment, the effect of xenia on the quality of fruits was large, but only some of pollination combinations had significant impact for the external quality of fruit. There some difference of xenia between different varieties of chestnut pollen in the same female parent. Among them, chestnut pollination group to"Yan Long"as male parent, and chestnut pollination group to"The Yunnan chestnut No.15"as female parent and chestnut pollination group to"The Yunnan chestnut No.15"and the chestnut pollination group to"The Yunnan chestnut No.22"as male parent, and chestnut pollination group to"Yan Long"as female parent, they have significant impact of xenia for the internal quality of fruit. Chestnut pollination group to"Yan Shan Hong"as male parent, and chestnut pollination group to"The Yunnan chestnut No.15"and"The Yunnan chestnut No.22"as female parent, they have significant impact of xenia for the external quality of fruit.2. The four types of Chinese chestnut belong to fried chestnut type in the test, their the total starch content are generally less than 50%, and the total soluble sugar content are generally higher than 12%, and the moisture content are usually lower than others, and the shape of nuts are small. In comprehensive quality of the Chinese chestnut combination of pollination, the combination of"Yan Long"as the female parent, and"The Yunnan chestnut No.15"and"The Yunnan chestnut No.22"as the male parent have come out in front in other combination pollination. Compare the comprehensive quality with maternal slef- pollination; both of them are show significant xenia.3. Average weight from the nut up to the pollination of quantitative traits combined with the power analysis showed that, the highest combination pollination is with"Yan Shan Hong"as male parent in the GCA, its value is 5.455. The highest combination pollination is"The Yunnan chestnut No.15"in the female GCA, its value is 3.978. It shows that the general with high chestnut varieties as male parent or female parent, their pollination and nut combination of the average node weight is higher, the xenia effect is more significant.4. Based on the test results show that: the size of chestnut pollen, the size of chestnut ball and nut weight had some correlation. On the same female parent used larger pollen for pollination, the fruit was also larger. In this experiment,"Yan Shan Hong"is the bigger one in this four pollens, and use this pollen as female parent for the chestnut pollination group, it's fruit also bigger than another. But this correlation need confirmed further.