Reciprocating Injection Pump Fault Diagnosis

Following the rushing development of the national economy, the supply and demand of oil is also increasing. So to ensure the long-term, safe, reliable, effective running of every course in the oilfield product has become one of burning issues which the oilfield corporations are facing to resolve. The waterflooding pump is the key equipment of waterflooding course in the oilfield product. There are a number of waterflooding pumps in service in every oilfield sites. But because the waterflooding pressure has been rising year after year, the carrying load of pumps is more and more heavy and times of faults are increasingly going up. So the study of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology on pumping units contains very important meanings to improve the waterflooding efficiency and insure pumping units running safely.The dissertation firstly describes the aim and meaning of the study on fault diagnosis, and its application and development and so on home and abroad, and simple introduction about the main content of study according to running status of waterflooding pumps in the oilfield. Secondly, it analyzes the structure characteristics and fault mechanism of reciprocating five-plunger pump, and it sums up many typical faults and its influencing reasons. Moreover, it discusses the main technology of vibration test & diagnosis of plunger-pump units, which includes the confirmation of test parameters, the choosing of instruments for test system, the collecting and processing of signal, and the establishment of fault diagnosis standard, etc.In the dissertation, based on the theory study and field research, a vibration measurement system of reciprocating plunger pump unit is designed and realized, and a set of field test scheme is established and implemented in site. By the use of the system a lot of data is gathered and saved. In term of different diagnosis types and vibration peak-to-peak value of every test point, these pump units with visible diagnosis characteristic are selected and analyzed their vibration signals mostly using time and frequency domain methods. And according to the above test result, the text gives the summary and relevant suggestions, which helps to improve the running condition of plunger pumps in the pump-station in a way.At the end of the dissertation, it puts forward fuzzy fault identification method in order to solve the difficult problem about picking up fault signal from frequency spectrum of test point on the pump-head place. This part introduces simply the basic theoretical knowledge of building up its mathematic model, and it gives some test data as an example to prove the feasibility of applying fuzzy comprehensive identification.