| In the earth, there are rich and vast marine natural resources. So, exploiting oceans and harnessing rivers has become a difficult problem in the world of today. The countries all over the world successively develop and produce the submarine bulldozer and the reconnaissance robot, capable of traveling in the water, as the means and tools to exploit oceans and harness rivers. However, for the port and harbour construction, especially for the research on the riprap-flattening mechanism of submarine ground, it has been generally recognized to be the most stagnated. In our country, the method of manual flattening by a diver being in water is usually adopted for submarine ground riprap-flattening. This method is still applicable to those small-scale projects having no high requirements in respects of progress and precision but providing with perfect working conditions. It is very difficult to be adopted for such riprap-flattening projects that the working state is bad or the working conditions are poor, or, intending to manufacture the deep-water submerged pontoons. The quality in manually flattened submarine ground will change greatly under the influences of unstable factors such as man's feelings, health state, working conditions, etc. Very often, the quality guarantee only can be made up in the process of laying down the upper structure members. For this purpose, it is imperative to develop the underwater flattening machine that is fit for deep-water service and in high efficiency. Through the actual development of suchunderwater flattening machine, this article introduces to the requirement for flattening the submarine ground, analyses the structure and performance of foreign flattening machine and proposes the correlation parameters of the flattening machine to be manufactured. The working parameters of the underwater flattening machine are: working efficiency, the daily maximum operation flattening area 40 m2/h; maximum water depth 35m; maximum current velocity 3m/min; adopted stone block 10-100kg for each; flattening breadth 6m; flattening length 10m, the weight of flattening machine 140t; of f set correction abi1ity 1/time. View from the research on the traveling function (having the capabilities of traveling forward & afterward and traveling toward left & right), flattening function (flattening and rolling functions) and measuring function (including the measurement facilities such as GPS satellite positioner, supersonic echo sounder and multi-wave velocity creep), the structural configuration of a flattening machine is brought out.This article makes an emphatic exposition of the research on the flattening and rolling functions, the main point in the design of hydraulic system and the option of sealing type. Only one function is stressed in the whole flattening system and the parts including the scraping device, friction-type winch, rolling device and leading sheave are produced in particular. The scraping shovel is fitted on the scraping bracket, breadth: 6m, working stroke: 14m. Its forward traveling is the working stroke to flatten ground while the reversal traveling is the idle stroke. The signal oil cylinder is used to control the stroke. It depends upon changingthe pressure of the oil cylinder to judge whether the stroke is at position and also control the winch. The scrapper is made of rigid alloy material and its bottom is zigzag. It is connected onto the scraping bracket by bolts so that it can be easily replaced. The scraping bracket is of the steel structural framing. Four (4) sets of traveling sheaves and two (2) sets of leading sheaves are fitted at the 4 corners so as to ensure that the scraping bracket can travel smoothly between the upper and lower longitudinal beams of the frame of a flattening machine. The scraping regulation device is adopted to enable the scraping shovel to be regulated up and down under the control of the oil cylinder through it. The rolling device is used to press the stones after being flattened. In this article, the key to the whole hydraulic system is"underw... |
