| The pavement skid resistance is very important for cars to run safely and so does the runway skid resistance to the take-off and landing of airplanes. The skid resistance of pavement and runway is influenced by the weather, climate, the situation of pavement and so on. So the advanced technology and equipment to measure the pavement skid resistance is very important. However, the technology, equipment and the evaluating method are old and insufficient in China, which get behind to other developed countries. As a result, it is a urgent problem to develop the research on the pavement skid resistance and look for better equipment and evaluating methods.There are two problems on the pavement skid resistance measuring and evaluating.(1) The reliability of the friction measure equipment is bad.Nowadays, there are many types of equipment to measure the friction of pavement. However, the stability of some equipment is bad because the measure results of some equipment are affected by the testing condition, environment, operation process and so on. And some equipment can't give appropriate result for the pavement skid resistance of truly.(2) The standard to evaluate the pavement skid resistance is not uniform. The standard to evaluate the pavement skid resistance is not uniform, whichmakes much inconvenience. There are two aspects: a) different equipments have different standards because the measure results are different for the same pavement by using different equipment; b) different countries have different standards because those countries set down the skid resistance standards according to their countries own situation. So, the researchers who come from different countries have much difficulty in communicating with others on the pavement skid resistance which makes much encumbrance to study it.GripTester, a new friction measure device, is developed by British several years ago, which performs excellent in many aspects when it is used in severalfriction survey projects. The main advantages for GripTester are: a) it has a automatic water deposition system; b) it is controlled by computer, c) the operation is full automatic; d) the measure result has good stability and so on. GripTester took part in the International PIARC Experiment to Compare and Harmonize Texture and Skid Resistance Measurements which was hold by PIARC in 1992.The paper makes some research in the equipment and the evaluating method for measure the pavement skid resistance based on GripTester experiments. The main content of the paper is as follow.(1) Analyze the mechanism of the friction between the tyre and pavement and the factors which affect the friction;The friction between tyre and pavement involves four aspects: the molecule force, the adhesion between tyre and pavement, the elastic distortion of rubber on the tyre surface and the tiny cutting of the little-size protruding on pavement.The factors which affect the skid resistance of pavement include: the tyre (such as tyre type, tyre tread pattern, pressure, wear and tear of the tyre and so on ); the pavement (related to the texture of pavement especially); driving speed; medium(water or pollution between tyre and pavement); the temperature and the season variation; the material and so on.(2) Analyze the technology performance of the equipment which is used to measure the pavement or runway skid resistance and compare the technology performance of some familiar equipmentsThe friction measure equipment can be classed into two types: spot friction measure equipment and Continual Friction Measure Equipment. The former usually is British Pendulum Tester. CFME can be classed into four types: Locked Wheel Tester, Side Force Measurement, Fixed Slip Device and Variable Slip Device.The macro-texture measure equipment can be classed into three types: Texture Device, Volumetric and Outflow.The paper introduces SCRIM, British Pendulum Tester and Sand patch method in detail which are mentioned in China criterion.(3) Study the technology performanc... |
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