| Bridge construction is undergoing the developmental stagefrom simple form and short span to complex structures and large span structures, With the development of civilization science and economy, the new technology, new material and new craft are applying, and the research of the load bearing on the bridge is going deeply, which urge us speeding up the research of bridge mechanics question and promote the development of bridge mechanics. On the contrary, the research achievements of bridge mechanics also make the bridge design, construction and manage level farther improvement recently. Centuries bridge construction developmental history also fully shows that it is closely related to the improvement of mechanics, and they are promoting each other. On the other hand, the recently unceasing events of bridge collapses show that the serious result due to the deviation of the principle, which theory should connected to the practice. Both proofed the importance of application of the mechanical principles on the bridge construction and supervision.Relative to the safety design of project structure, the safetyidentify and the endurance analysis of structure in service etc, the safety analysis of construction structure is still in the level of considerable initial stage. It is the theoretical foundation of timechange reliability analysis of project structure to direct the safety analysis of structures. But, this theory present major consider in aspect of the time change character of project material and structural strength.According to this research aim, following works is done in thispaper.1. In order to deepen the understanding of bridge knowledge, the general introduction of bridge component and basic type are done. The bridge is composed of bridge stride, bridge pier, bridge platform and the cone of end of the bridge. Usually, it is accustomed to name the bridge stride as the substructure of bridge. The paper clearly explanation the role of each part and the composition part of bridge with the list tables. According to the bearing load institute of mainly bearing component, the basic form of bridge can be classified into beam bridge, arch bridge, rigid frame bridge, suspension bridge and assembly system bridge etc. Also according to the location of trip lane, it can be classified into top travel bridge, middle travel bridge and lower travel bridge.2. The basic mechanics knowledge in bridge construction is involved to the basic knowledge in many branches such as theoretical mechanics, structural mechanics, material mechanics, flexible mechanics, structural dynamics, earth mechanics and hydraulics mechanics etc. To show the reason of research thinking of this paper, the intersectional theory among engineering mechanics,engineering construction and engineering supervision is studied, it mainly include following content1) framework and structureThe framework is the system or structural frame that can produce action. It belongs to geometry variable system and does not have the ability of undertaking the design load. The structure is the system that can bear and transmit the load. It belongs to geometry invariable system and has the ability of undertaking the design load.2) Quiet fixed and supper quiet fixed structureRefer to the aspect of geometry composition and bearing load state, the quiet fixed structure is a geometry variable system that does not have redundant restrict. Its all reverse force and inner force can be computed with quiet equilibrium equation and the relative result is uniqueness. But that of supper quiet fixed structure can not be computed only with quiet equilibrium condition, it must be considered the flexible deformed coordinative condition of structure in same time. This kind of structure also can be named as quiet infixed structure. In paper, it introduces their characters one by one.3) Axle center and partial pressed componentWhen the longitudinal pressure is through the axle center of component, we call it as axle... |
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