Based On Mems Technology, Micro-aircraft Multidisciplinary Design Optimization

As a new branch of Micro-eleetro-mechanical System (MEMS), Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs) with wing spans of 15 cm or less in any dimension, not only provide individual soldiers with military information in constrained areas, but also may accomplish varieties of unique missions including biological-chemical detection, traffic monitoring, communications relay and hostage rescue. Now, the tiny craft is listed in an important defense research project for its wide application in future. So the situations at home and abroad and its key technologies are focused on in this thesis. The main contents and contribution of this thesis are as follows: Based on the comparison with mode of conventional aircraft design, the payload requirements, propulsion system, material selection and layout are analyzed and airfoil selection is emphasized from aerodynamics. In particular, MAV's structure was established through elaborated analysis. As a drive to miniaturization of MAV, MEMS and its corresponding technologies were discussed. A MAV system based on MEMS, which integrates micro sensors, micro actuators, signal process, control system and energy supply system was proposed. Micro-propulsion-System, Micro inertia device and Micro flight control system in MAV was studied as a focus. Multidisciplinary design optimization methodology and its algorithm are illustrated with regard to that MAV is a complex system involving many subsystems that are mutually coupled. Aerodynamics combined with structure was optimized by MDO method. The results of MDO-based design show that Multidisciplinary optimization is expected to help achieve the stability and higher performance required for successful MAVs. As the Low Reynolds number is one of critical problems in MAV's research, low Reynolds number phenomena in birds and insects is described and finally the Reynolds number range of MAV was confined from the bionic principle in nature. MAV's basic fluid model derived from air essence was formulated. Several structural solutions for MAV was considered concerning low Re number.