Space Control System In The Urban Master Plan

The master plan used to be the core of urban planning system in China. It, however, gradually loses its adaptation to the new situation as changes are taken place in planning objectives, in planning methods, in governmental regulation modes and in urbanization development models. Therefore it is urgently for a government to regulate and control urban space by a proper way, and replace gradually the traditional type of master plan which emphasize the blueprint. And the emergence of space regulation methods well corresponds to the its appeal.But so far, there is not any complete theoretical system has been formed in the discussion and research of space regulation in master plan, either in the national management level or in the theoretical research and technical practice level. It also lacks concrete methods of operation in practice. Therefore it is true that the research of space regulation in master plan is still weak.This paper, basing on the summarization of theories and practices from home and abroad, will analyze the connotations contained in the space regulation in urban master planning, and will put a space regulation system that based on the frameworks of "two levels", "three phases" and "three contents", and the operational processes in space regulation of master plan. Then, this paper will make analyses and proofs on factors, differentiating methods and policy mechanisms. In this paper, the conclusion will be:1. By guiding and allocating regional space sources, space regulation promotes the optimal reorganization of regional space structure and regional economic growth. Space management, which aims at protecting public interest, is with features of policy-directed, functional, hierarchical, regional, regulatory and flexible. Moreover, space regulation is not simply a land usage evaluation, but a policy-directed space regulation method in transition period.2. The space regulation system in master plan has "two levels", "three phases" and "three contents." "Two levels" is the space regulation not only in regional level, but also in urban center district; "three phases " means that the space regulation in master plan runs throughout the process of whole urban planning, including non-construction zone delineation phase, construction zone delineation phase and comprehensive zone delineation phase; "three contents" means that space regulation in all levels of urban master planning includes elements of space regulation system, regionalization method and policy mechanisms.3. The elements system in master plan includes two levels involving regional level and urban center district level, then, the regulation elements includes non-construction elements and construction elements. The non-construction elements are suited in non-construction zoning period, which emphasize the elements'restriction effect and evading request to the urban space expand; the construction elements are suited in construction zoning period, which aim at the different construction-intensity zoning, emphasize the elements'leading effect to the urban space expand.4.The regional space regulation in master plan should be zoned according to the land use which including whole research region, which dividing region into ecological protecting area, historic features area, urban construction area, rural development area, farmland protection area, infrastructure area, and infrastructure corridors. Besides, the regional zoning project should be different according to different scale. The urban center district's space regulation in master plan should be zoned according to the land construction suitability, which dividing district into prohibited area, restricted building area, and suitable for construction including three parts involving higher-intensity construction area, middle-intensity construction area, and lower-intensity construction. Then, urban built-up area should be divided separately. Besides, zoning compliance measures and buffer zoning should also be determined.5.The space regulation zoning in regional level include three steps:firstly, selecting the non-constructive element and determining non-constructive zone; secondly, determining constructive zone after designation of urban spatial structure planning:lastly, getting final comprehensive zoning at the basis the non-constructive zone and constructive zone on the basis of revising according to the administrative boundaries. The space regulation zoning in urban central district include four steps:firstly, setting off evaluation unit; secondly, selecting the non-constructive element and determining non-constructive zone; thirdly, selecting the constructive element and determining constructive zone through weighted average rate method; lastly, getting final comprehensive zoning through superimposing the non-constructive zone and the constructive zone on the basis of revising according to the main road network, terrain, and administrative boundaries.6.The space regulation policy includes discrepancy policy, precision policy, flexibility policy, public policy, and digital policy.