Nanomaterials In The Pcr System Applied Research

Polymerase Chain Reaction is one of the kernel technologies of modern molecular biology. It is significant to study the ways of improving PCR amplification. Owing to the exponential amplification ability of PCR, millions of DNA copies can be produced in several hours from even a drop of target DNA in order to reach the detecting level for sequencing, DNA detecting, genetic analysis, food test, environment inspection, and so on. As a result, many items that could not be analysed and detectd before, find ways to be carried out today. There are many excellences in PCR, such as specificity, sensitivity, speediness, robotization. It innovates the molecular heredity drastically, and becomes one of the most popular technologies in modern biology and medical science. Synchronously it makes up of the base of the whole modern molecular biology in company of clone and DNA sequence analysis. Although PCR has become a mature technology, in practical operation, there are still many problems that can not be overcome, such as false negative signals, false positive signals, nonspecific amplification, and sheet bands or smear bands. It is of broad interest to explore methods to solve these problems in PCR. Common methods include adding various enhancing reagents, optimizing the PCR reaction conditions, improving the amplification strategies and so forth. These methods can improve the specificity, output and efficiency of PCR to some extent, but they still can not solve the problems above drastically, so PCR amplification still can not reach the anticipative effects. Recently, people try to find ways of optimizing PCR from the rising subjects and technologies. Nanobiological technology coming from the combination of nanotechnology and bioscience technology has catched more and more people's attention because of its special superiorities. Nanomaterials have special superficial and dimension effect. Their surface can be modified with many kinds of substances which can react with biological macromolecules like protein and nucleic acid. So they have special impacts on the structure and function of the biological macromolecules. Furthermore, artificial nanomaterials are much steadier and cheaper than bilogical molecules. As a result, it is possible for artificial nanomaterials to take the place of one part of the biological molecular systems. Nowdays, more and more researchers have introduced nanomaterials into Polymerase Chain Reaction systems, and have optimized PCR by making much exploration and improvement on it. And they have abtained heart-stirring production. Introducing nanomaterials into Polymerase Chain Reaction systems can exert the excellence of nanomaterials and DNA, and extend the PCR technology from homogeneous systems to diphase ones. It can add newborn contents into conventional PCR and extend the amplification area of PCR technology. So it possesses very important academic and application meanings to study the polymerase Chain Reaction based on the surface of nanomaterials.Based on the work of predecessors, we mainly carried on two aspects of investigations in this work:First, We synthesized Au nanoparticles with diameter of 15 nm, and abserved their effects on the denatured temperature of PCR. The experient results illustrated that Au nanoparticles could widen the range of the denatured temperature of PCR to some extent.Second, we produced water-soluble semiconductor CdTe nanoparticles and nanonods modified with carboxyl on their surface, and introduced them into Polymerase Chain Reaction system, abserving their effects on PCR. We found that a certain concentration bound of CdTe nanoparticles can improve the specificity of PCR, and it allows reliable PCR amplification even at lowered annealing temperatures, so CdTe nanoparticles can extend the range of the annealing temperature of PCR to a certain extent. The experient suggested that CdTe nanorods could improve the specificity of PCR and play a similar role to Mg2+ ions in the reaction to help maintain the activity of Taq enzyme. The material reaction mechanism needs to be further investigated.