Aluminum And Aluminum Alloy Electron Beam Welding Residual Stress Measurement And Simulation

Electron beam welding has significant keyhole effect, it induces the electron beam welding different from general melting, and also important influence on its welding stresses and distortion. The residual stresses in pure aluminum and aluminum alloy can directly influence their ability of bearing loads. Therefore, it is an important subject to accurately estimate the mechanical behavior and the residual stresses in the welding structures, so as to ensure their safety.To meet the need of improving the welding quality, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints and the productivity, pure aluminum plate 99.60 is used in the experiment. Combined with micrographic analysis, the effects of electron beam welding on its mechanical properties ,such as strength, hardness and plasticity are studied in this paper. The results show that the microstructure of weld center is fine and strengthening equiaxed crystal, the hardness and strength of welded joints are decreased while the plasticity is improved, such that the comprehensive mechanical properties of welded joints are improved to some extent.The effects of electron beam welding on the distribution of the residual stresses of welded joints of pure aluminum plate 99.60 and aluminum alloy plate 6061 are measured and studied by through-hole-drilling and blind-hole-drilling method. And based on the thermal elastic - plastic theory, and making use of ANSYS finite element procedure, a three - dimensional finite element model using mobile heat source of temperature and stresses field of electron beam welding in pure aluminum and aluminum alloy is established. The welding process is simulated by means of the ANSYS software. The paper offers the three dimension distribution curves of residual stresses along different directions. The results show that the main residual stress is the longitudinal residual stress, the value of the longitudinal residual stress is much larger than the transverse residual stress. But the thickness of residual stress is rather small. And in the weld center, the maximum value of residual stresses is lower than its yield strength. The simulation results about the welded residual stresses are almost identical with the experimental results by measuring. So the research result is important to science research or engineering application.