Development And Application Of The Novel Intumescent Flame Retardant Containing Phosphorus And Nitrogen For Paper Product

With the increasing consciousness in environmental protection, the paper-base material plays more and more important role among green packing materials and is widely applied to many fields such as packing, architecture, and daily necessaries. Recently, with the serious problem of fire-fighting circumstance day by day, the fire disaster frequently takes place and it leads to massive personnel casualty and property damage. The occurrence and spread of many fire disasters are related to the combustibility of the materials. To treat the material with a reasonable flame-resistant way is one of the key measures to reduce fire disaster. The research on the flame-resistant material and technology has become a hot topic worldwide. In this work, a novel flame retardant containing phosphorus and nitrogen has been developed, which is based on the property of paper material and therefore is suitable for paper application.In the first section, it was conducted for choosing the synthetic process routes first. Then, the optimal conditions for synthesizing phosphorus and nitrogen flame retardant (PNFP) was studied by designing the orthogonality experiment to evaluate flame resistance effectiveness utilizing a technique that combined burning with SEM analysis. The effects of the synthetic temperature, sort of species, and amount of additives (carbonizing agent) on the effectiveness of flame resistance were mainly discussed.In the second section, by the modern analytical techniques such as IR, DSC and elemental analysis, the effects of the amount and ratios of P: C: N elements on the flame resistance effectiveness and its performance on flame retarding are also discussed and evaluated. Finally, the performance of PNFR synthesized in this work that applied to the coated paper materials was also discussed. The results are the follows:1. By contrasting analysis, the optimal reaction conditions for PNFR synthesized in this work.2. It was observed by SEM analysis, the temperature for synthesizing PNFR is an important parameter that affecting the char formation.3. From PNFR's IR spectra, PNFR obtained from synthesis is a complex of compounds.4. The results from elemental analysis showed that the P: C: N ratio of the elements are is an important parameter that affecting the char formation.5. After paper surface coating with PNFR, the initial temperature of fiber decomposition decreases from 355℃to 289℃, a difference of 66℃.6. The PNFR synthesized in this study has a significant result for flame resistance. With a coating amount of 8.3% on the paper surface, it can meet the criteria of Chinese National Standard (GB), i. e., when the damaged length at 110mm, the absorption of moisture rate＜7%, the increased intensity＞10%, and the brightness loss＜10%. Thus, this product has a minor effect on the paper physical properties. Compared with the commercialized products of amido sulfoacid guanidine and the methyl phosphoric acid dimethyl ester, the PNFR synthesized in this work has the advantages in both performance and cost, and therefore it will have a great prospect in commercialization.