Solid Phase Extraction - Atomic Spectrometry Separation And Analysis Of Applied Research,

Sensitive, rapid, reproducible, simple and accurate analytical methods are required for the determination of trace elements in geological, biological and environmental samples. The direct determination of extremely low concentrations of trace elements by modern atomic spectroscopic methods is often difficult. The limitations are associated not only with the insufficient sensitivity of these techniques but also with matrix interference. For this reason, the separation and preconcentration of trace elements is often required. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) technique has become increasingly popular in recent years because it is experienced with several major advantages:(i) the fast, simple and direct sample application in very small size (micro liter volume) without any sample loss;(ii) higher preconcentration factor;(iii) rapid phase separation;(iv) the ability of combination with different detection techniques in the form of on-line or off-line mode;(v) time and cost saving. SPE separation/preconcentration followed by atomic spectroscopy detection gains more and more important position in trace analysis and speciation analysis and the choice of solid-phase adsorbents is decisive factor that affects analytical sensitivity and selectivity. The aim of this dissertation is to systematically study the adsorption characteristics of some metal ions on ion exchange resin and nanometer TiO₂, and apply it to the separation/preconcentration and speciation analysis of trace elements. The major contents are described as follows:1. Speciation Analysis of Inorganic Tin (Sn (II)/Sn (IV)) by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Following Ion-exchange SeparationA new method based on 717^# anion exchange resin separation and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) detection was proposed for the determination of inorganic tin species. The result showed that Sn (IV) was quantitatively retained on the resin when [HCl] =9.0mol/L, but Sn (II) couldn't be adsorbed on the resin under the same condition. Thus, a separation of Sn (II) and Sn (IV) has been realized. When the concentration of NaOH solution was between 2.0-7.0 mol/L, Sn (IV) that adsorbed on...