Precious Metals Catalytic Kinetic Flow Injection Catalytic Kinetic Fluorescence Analysis Method And Applications

Precious metals (osmium, iridium, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, gold, silver) are provided with special physics and chemical character such as good chemical stability, contradict causticity, good conductor of electricity, ductibility and catalyzer, so they have become necessary important materials and tactic matters in fields of national deference, chemical industries, petroleum refining and electronic industries. Furthermore, it has been reported that some platonic complex had effectual anti-cancer action, and it was great significance to study the Earth's evolvement history by determining hence iridium in sediment rock concerned with disaster event. When mineral, extract sand and alloy were analysed in industry, it was widely necessary to find method for the determination of them. But they usually coexist with each other in these substances. It is hard to separate an metal from other metals. In order to obtain accurate values of trace metal in these samples, it is necessary to find highly sensitive and selective method for the determination of them. Some methods for the determination of precious metals such as classical electroanalysis and atomic absorb spectrum analysis are poor precision and detection limit so that they can not be satisfied with modem times' analysis need. So it was scientific signification and applied value to find methods for the determination of every metal with simple rapid, high sensitivity and selectivity, on-line separation and preconcentration, real time and automatization.Flow injection analysis (FIA) technology named first by Danmark scholars Ruzicka and Hansen in 1975 has widely applicability in analytical chemistry field and can combined with some examine instrument with excellencies such as high efficiency, low consumption, good precision, simple and cheapness equipment. FIA combined with catalytic kinetic spectrofluorimetry learns from other's strong points to offset one's weakness, both retains high sensitivity and detection limit of intrinsic non-flow intermission operation and reduces influence of interference reaction. So it can raise the reiteration of analytical results and analytical velocity as a perfect analytical determination technology.In this work, rapid, nicety, good reiteration and operation automatization catalytic kinetic spectrofluorimetry and flow injection catalytic kinetic spectrofluorimetry are developed for the determination of precious metals. The methods are based on FIA combining with fluorescence analysis and newly synthetical fluorescence reagents. On-line separation and prreconcentration are also used in the determination of metal in mineral samples. The paper was divided into three parts:Part I: Supramolecular catalytic kinetic spectrofluorimetric and flow injection catalytic kinetic spectrofluorimetric methods were developed for the determination of osmium (IV) fri mineral sample. The method is based on the fluorescence enhancing reaction of o-vanillin furfuralhydrazone (OVFH) with potassium bromate, which was catalysed by osmium (IV) in water medium. Beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) obviously sensibilized the determination.Part II: Catalytic kinetic spectrofluorimetric and flow injection catalytic kinetic spectrofluorimetric methods were developed for the determination of palladium in mineral sample. The method was based on the fluorescence enhancing reaction of salicylaldehyde furfuralhydrazone (SAFH) with potassium bromate, which was catalyzed by palladium in water mediumPart HI: An on-line separation and preconcentration system was developed for the flow injection (FI) catalytic kinetic spectrofluorimetric determination of trace amounts of gold. The method was based on the fluorescence enhancing reaction of PCFH with potassium bromate, which was catalysed by Au3+ in aqueous medium. The proposed method was applied successfully to determine gold in synthetic mixture and mineral sample with satisfaction results.