| Permanent cathode plate is mainly used in copper electrolysis industry, as copper production covering matrix. Since its inception, it gets the attention of copper electrolysis industry, due to the features of its repeated use, reducing costs and high productivity, and has been widely used abroad. Currently, permanent cathode technology is introduced into the country, and on the basis, conducted independent research and development.Permanent cathode is made of conductive rod and plate of austenitic stainless steel welded together. In the process of using, there are some problems such welding unstable and loss, leading to lower efficiency of copper electrolytic production. Therefore, analysis and effective control of welding quality for permanent plate has practical value.The paper bases on SYSWELD, software developed by France ESI company, selecting double ellipsoid heat source model to check heat source, and determines the source function. From the perspective of welding technology, to simulate the change of temperature field and stress field. According to the simulation curve and the data, residual stress of welded joints is analyzed, providing the basis for optimizing the welding process.First of all, the paper introduces research background and significance, as well as development history of numerical analysis of the welding process. Two methods of permanent cathode electrolysis technology and production of permanent cathode plate are summarized. Secondly, welding technology is described, selecting the welding methods, welding characteristics of permanent cathode plate and the factors influencing the welding quality are analyzed. Then, the finite element method and analysis steps are described, and the paper establishes a three-dimensional model about permanent cathode plate, determines relevant structural parameters(groove and fillet weld size), grid parameters and welding parameters. Subsequently, the paper, on the basis, selects the double ellipsoidal heat source model as welding heat source, and checks the heat source, gains the heat function. Finally, the distribution of temperature field is observed, and distribution of residual stress under different conditions, such as welding sequence, constraints, welding speed and so on.Simulation experiments show that the temperature variation about the weld points is almost the same, quick heating and then rapid cooling, the heating rate is greater than the cooling rate. And the highest temperature reaches the melting point. The point perpendicular to the center of the weld, the greater the distance from the weld, has more gentle temperature variation, and lower maximum temperature it reaches. Residual stress near the weld area is larger, and longitudinal residual stress in the weld zone has a steady region, but for the vertical direction, it is symmetrical to the cathode plate board, and its numerical size is inversely proportional to the distance from the weld. The residual stress is not the same, with different welding sequence, welding constraints and welding speed. Through the analysis of simulation results, optimize the welding process, it can effectively guide the actual cathode plate welding process, to reduce the residual stress. |
